Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 5/2022

01-11-2021 | Rhinoplasty | Original Article

An Alternative Method for Midvault Restoration: “T-Splay Graft”

Authors: Can Kopal, Emin Kapı

Published in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery | Issue 5/2022

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The internal nasal valve is one of the highly important anatomical points in rhinoplasty procedures. As a key anatomical area, the anatomical and functional integrity of this region must be preserved or reconstructed during rhinoplasty procedures. Several techniques have been defined in the literature for midvault restoration, among which, the most common are spreader grafts and flaps. Both techniques achieve a natural and harmonic contour but may fail to provide the splay effect to the upper lateral cartilages in some cases. A new technique known as the “T-splay graft”, to be used as an alternative approach in cases where there is a risk of midvault collapse, and in which the splay effect in the upper lateral cartilage is preferred to be augmented, is explained in the present study.

Methods

In the present study, a septal tunnel is opened of sufficient size for the cartilage graft planned for placement, at the planned level of the septum, to expand the midvault region and create a splay effect. A bilateral pocket is created in the inferior mucosa of the upper lateral cartilages. The harvested cartilage graft is passed through the septum in the horizontal plane. The cartilage graft is inserted into the bilateral pockets so as way to create convexity to the dorsum.

Results

As a result of the applied method, it was established that the internal nasal valve angle could be expanded to the desired extent and the dorsal aesthetic lines could be achieved in a normal anatomical structure.

Conclusions

This technique enables the lateral direction of the tension between the graft and the upper lateral cartilages, and the creation of a splay effect. As such, we believe that this method is a highly effective alternative for use in appropriate cases.

Level of Evidence IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.​springer.​com/​00266.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Kovacevic M, Riedel F, Göksel A, Wurm J (2016) Options for middle vault and dorsum restoration after hump removal in primary rhinoplasty. Facial Plast Surg 32:374–383CrossRef Kovacevic M, Riedel F, Göksel A, Wurm J (2016) Options for middle vault and dorsum restoration after hump removal in primary rhinoplasty. Facial Plast Surg 32:374–383CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Standlee AG, Hohman MH (2017) Evaluating the effect of spreader grafting on nasal obstruction using the NOSE scale. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 126:219–223CrossRef Standlee AG, Hohman MH (2017) Evaluating the effect of spreader grafting on nasal obstruction using the NOSE scale. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 126:219–223CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Omranifard M, Abdali H, Ardakani MR, Ahmadnia A (2013) Comparison of the effects of spreader graft and overlapping lateral crural technique on rhinoplasty by rhinomanometry. World J Plast Surg 3:99–103 Omranifard M, Abdali H, Ardakani MR, Ahmadnia A (2013) Comparison of the effects of spreader graft and overlapping lateral crural technique on rhinoplasty by rhinomanometry. World J Plast Surg 3:99–103
4.
go back to reference Hassanpour SE, Heidari A, Moosavizadeh SM, Tarahomi MR, Goljanian A, Tavkoli S (2016) Comparison of aesthetic and functional outcomes of spreader graft and autospreader flap in rhinoplasty. World J Plast Surg 5:133–138PubMedPubMedCentral Hassanpour SE, Heidari A, Moosavizadeh SM, Tarahomi MR, Goljanian A, Tavkoli S (2016) Comparison of aesthetic and functional outcomes of spreader graft and autospreader flap in rhinoplasty. World J Plast Surg 5:133–138PubMedPubMedCentral
5.
go back to reference Guyuron B, Michelow BJ, Englebardt C (1998) Upper lateral splay graft. Plast Reconstr Surg 102:2169–2177CrossRef Guyuron B, Michelow BJ, Englebardt C (1998) Upper lateral splay graft. Plast Reconstr Surg 102:2169–2177CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Talmadge J, High R, Heckman WW (2018) Comparative outcomes in functional rhinoplasty with open vs endonasal spreader graft placement. Ann Plast Surg 80:468–471CrossRef Talmadge J, High R, Heckman WW (2018) Comparative outcomes in functional rhinoplasty with open vs endonasal spreader graft placement. Ann Plast Surg 80:468–471CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Rudy S, Moubayed SP, Most SP (2017) Midvault reconstruction in primary rhinoplasty. Facial Plast Surg 33:133–138CrossRef Rudy S, Moubayed SP, Most SP (2017) Midvault reconstruction in primary rhinoplasty. Facial Plast Surg 33:133–138CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Moubayed SP, Most SP (2016) The autospreader flap for midvault reconstruction following dorsal hump resection. Facial Plast Surg 32:36–41CrossRef Moubayed SP, Most SP (2016) The autospreader flap for midvault reconstruction following dorsal hump resection. Facial Plast Surg 32:36–41CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Kovacevic M, Wurm J (2016) Spreader flaps for midlle vault contour and stabilization. Facial Plast Surg Clin N Am 23:1–9CrossRef Kovacevic M, Wurm J (2016) Spreader flaps for midlle vault contour and stabilization. Facial Plast Surg Clin N Am 23:1–9CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Erickson B, Hurowitz R, Jeffery C, Ansari K, Hakim HE, Wright ED, Seikaly H, Greig SR, Cote DW (2016) Acoustic rhinometry and video endoscopic scoring to evaluate postoperative outcomes in endonasal spreader graft surgery with septoplasty and turbinoplasty for nasal valve collapse. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 45:2CrossRef Erickson B, Hurowitz R, Jeffery C, Ansari K, Hakim HE, Wright ED, Seikaly H, Greig SR, Cote DW (2016) Acoustic rhinometry and video endoscopic scoring to evaluate postoperative outcomes in endonasal spreader graft surgery with septoplasty and turbinoplasty for nasal valve collapse. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 45:2CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Moharamnejad N, Bohluli B (2013) Docile splay graft for middle vault reconstruction. Br J Oral Maxillofaci Surg 51:307–309CrossRef Moharamnejad N, Bohluli B (2013) Docile splay graft for middle vault reconstruction. Br J Oral Maxillofaci Surg 51:307–309CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Yeung A, Hassouneh B, Kim DW (2016) Outcome of nasal valve obstruction after functional and aesthetic-functional rhinoplasty. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 18:128–134CrossRef Yeung A, Hassouneh B, Kim DW (2016) Outcome of nasal valve obstruction after functional and aesthetic-functional rhinoplasty. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 18:128–134CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Brandon BM, Austin GK, Fleischman G, Basu S, Kimbell S, Shockley WW, Clark JM (2018) Comparison of airflow between spreader grafts and butterfly grafts using computational flow Dynamics in a cadaveric model. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 20:215–221CrossRef Brandon BM, Austin GK, Fleischman G, Basu S, Kimbell S, Shockley WW, Clark JM (2018) Comparison of airflow between spreader grafts and butterfly grafts using computational flow Dynamics in a cadaveric model. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 20:215–221CrossRef
15.
go back to reference de Pochat VD, Alonso N, Mendes RRS, Cunha MS, Menezes JVL (2012) Nasal patency after open rhinoplasty with spreader grafts. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 65:732–738CrossRef de Pochat VD, Alonso N, Mendes RRS, Cunha MS, Menezes JVL (2012) Nasal patency after open rhinoplasty with spreader grafts. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 65:732–738CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Afrooz PN, Rohrich RJ (2018) The keystone: Consistency in restoring the aesthetic dorsum in rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 141:355–363CrossRef Afrooz PN, Rohrich RJ (2018) The keystone: Consistency in restoring the aesthetic dorsum in rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 141:355–363CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Adamson PA, Constantinides M, Kim AJ, Pearlman S (2014) Rhinoplasty: panel discussion. Facial Plast Surg Clin N Am 22:25–55CrossRef Adamson PA, Constantinides M, Kim AJ, Pearlman S (2014) Rhinoplasty: panel discussion. Facial Plast Surg Clin N Am 22:25–55CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Palhazi P, Daniel RK, Kosins AM (2015) The osseocartilaginous vault of the nose: anatomy and surgical observations. Aesthet Surg J 35:242–251CrossRef Palhazi P, Daniel RK, Kosins AM (2015) The osseocartilaginous vault of the nose: anatomy and surgical observations. Aesthet Surg J 35:242–251CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Xavier R, Azeredo-Lopes S, Papoila A (2015) Spreader grafts: functional or just aesthetical? Rhinology 53:332–339CrossRef Xavier R, Azeredo-Lopes S, Papoila A (2015) Spreader grafts: functional or just aesthetical? Rhinology 53:332–339CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Aladag I, Songu M, Aslan H, Imre A, Pinar E (2019) Internal nasal valve expanding graft for middle vault reconstruction. J Craniofac Surg 30:860–862CrossRef Aladag I, Songu M, Aslan H, Imre A, Pinar E (2019) Internal nasal valve expanding graft for middle vault reconstruction. J Craniofac Surg 30:860–862CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Bridger GP (1970) Physiology of the nasal valve. Arch Otolaryngol 92:543–553CrossRef Bridger GP (1970) Physiology of the nasal valve. Arch Otolaryngol 92:543–553CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Sutera SP, Skalak R (1993) The history of Poiseuille’s law. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 25:1–20CrossRef Sutera SP, Skalak R (1993) The history of Poiseuille’s law. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 25:1–20CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Byrd HS, Meade RA, Gonyon DL Jr (2007) Using the autospreader flap in primary rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 119:1897–1902CrossRef Byrd HS, Meade RA, Gonyon DL Jr (2007) Using the autospreader flap in primary rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 119:1897–1902CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Sheen JH (1984) Spreader graft: a method of reconstructing the roof of the middle nasal vault following rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 73:230–239CrossRef Sheen JH (1984) Spreader graft: a method of reconstructing the roof of the middle nasal vault following rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 73:230–239CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Stewart MG, Witsell DL, Smith TL, Weaver EM, Yueh B, Hannley MT (2004) Development and validation of the nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 130:157–163CrossRef Stewart MG, Witsell DL, Smith TL, Weaver EM, Yueh B, Hannley MT (2004) Development and validation of the nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 130:157–163CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Ballert JA, Park SS (2006) Functional rhinoplasty: treatment of the dysfuctional nasal sidewall. Facial Plast Surg 22:49–54CrossRef Ballert JA, Park SS (2006) Functional rhinoplasty: treatment of the dysfuctional nasal sidewall. Facial Plast Surg 22:49–54CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Guyuron B (1998) Nasal osteotomy and airway changes. Plast Reconstr Surg 102:856CrossRef Guyuron B (1998) Nasal osteotomy and airway changes. Plast Reconstr Surg 102:856CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Grymer LF (1995) Reduction rhinoplasty and nasal patency change in the cross-sectional area of the nose evaluated by acoustic rhinometry. Laryngoscope 105:429CrossRef Grymer LF (1995) Reduction rhinoplasty and nasal patency change in the cross-sectional area of the nose evaluated by acoustic rhinometry. Laryngoscope 105:429CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Rohrich RJ, Muzaffar AR, Janis JE (2004) Component dorsal hump reduction: the importance of maintaining dorsal aesthetic lines in rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 114:1298–1312CrossRef Rohrich RJ, Muzaffar AR, Janis JE (2004) Component dorsal hump reduction: the importance of maintaining dorsal aesthetic lines in rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 114:1298–1312CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Clark JM, Cook TA (2002) The “butterfly” graft in functional secondary rhinoplasty. Laryngoscope 112:1917–1925CrossRef Clark JM, Cook TA (2002) The “butterfly” graft in functional secondary rhinoplasty. Laryngoscope 112:1917–1925CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Toriumi DM, Josen J, Weinberger M, Tardy ME Jr (1997) Use of alar batten grafts for correction of nasal valve collapse. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 123:802–808CrossRef Toriumi DM, Josen J, Weinberger M, Tardy ME Jr (1997) Use of alar batten grafts for correction of nasal valve collapse. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 123:802–808CrossRef
32.
go back to reference Millman B (2002) Alar batten grafting for management of the collapsed nasal valve. Laryngoscope 112:574–579CrossRef Millman B (2002) Alar batten grafting for management of the collapsed nasal valve. Laryngoscope 112:574–579CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Weissman JD, Most SP (2015) Radiofrequency thermotherapy vs bone-anchored suspension for treatment of lateral nasal wall insufficiency: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 17:84–89CrossRef Weissman JD, Most SP (2015) Radiofrequency thermotherapy vs bone-anchored suspension for treatment of lateral nasal wall insufficiency: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 17:84–89CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Scattolin A, Orlando N, D’Ascanio L (2013) Spreader graft in closed rhinoplasty: The “rail spreader.” Facial Plast Surg 29:515–519CrossRef Scattolin A, Orlando N, D’Ascanio L (2013) Spreader graft in closed rhinoplasty: The “rail spreader.” Facial Plast Surg 29:515–519CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Oneal RM, Berkowitz RL (1998) Upper lateral cartilage spreader flaps in rhinoplasty. Aesthet Surg J 18:370–371CrossRef Oneal RM, Berkowitz RL (1998) Upper lateral cartilage spreader flaps in rhinoplasty. Aesthet Surg J 18:370–371CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Rohrich RJ, Hollier LH (1996) Use of spreader grafts in the external approach to rhinoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 23:255–262CrossRef Rohrich RJ, Hollier LH (1996) Use of spreader grafts in the external approach to rhinoplasty. Clin Plast Surg 23:255–262CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Gruber RP, Park E, Newman J, Berkowitz L, Oneal R (2007) The spreader flap in primary rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 119:1903–1910CrossRef Gruber RP, Park E, Newman J, Berkowitz L, Oneal R (2007) The spreader flap in primary rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 119:1903–1910CrossRef
38.
go back to reference Gruber RP, Perkins SW (2010) Humpectomy and spreader flaps. Clin Plast Surg 37:285–291CrossRef Gruber RP, Perkins SW (2010) Humpectomy and spreader flaps. Clin Plast Surg 37:285–291CrossRef
39.
go back to reference Ozmen S, Ayhan S, Findikcioglu K, Kandal S, Atabay K (2008) Upper lateral cartilage fold-in flap: a combined spreader and/or splay graft effect without cartilage grafts. Ann Plast Surg 61:527–532CrossRef Ozmen S, Ayhan S, Findikcioglu K, Kandal S, Atabay K (2008) Upper lateral cartilage fold-in flap: a combined spreader and/or splay graft effect without cartilage grafts. Ann Plast Surg 61:527–532CrossRef
40.
go back to reference Neu BR (2009) Use of the upper lateral cartilage sagittal rotation flap in nasal dorsum reduction and augmentation. Plast Reconstr Surg 123:1079–1087CrossRef Neu BR (2009) Use of the upper lateral cartilage sagittal rotation flap in nasal dorsum reduction and augmentation. Plast Reconstr Surg 123:1079–1087CrossRef
Metadata
Title
An Alternative Method for Midvault Restoration: “T-Splay Graft”
Authors
Can Kopal
Emin Kapı
Publication date
01-11-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery / Issue 5/2022
Print ISSN: 0364-216X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-5241
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-021-02632-6

Other articles of this Issue 5/2022

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 5/2022 Go to the issue