Pulmonary Metastasectomy: Role of Pulmonary Metastasectomy and Type of Surgery

Patients with untreated metastatic disease have a less than 5 % to 10 % 5-year survival, and for the patient who has metastatic disease isolated to the lungs, pulmonary metastasectomy remains the best hope for cure. Pulmonary metastasectomy has been performed for decades. However, despite hundreds of studies spanning several decades, randomized control data in support of pulmonary metastasectomy is still lacking, and the evidence upon which we base this commonly accepted surgical practice is for the most part weak. While well-accepted surgical selection criteria exist, controversies related to pulmonary metastasectomy abound. Unanswered and clearly debatable are questions related to: optimal preoperative imaging, if mediastinal staging should be performed and if so when, is video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) equivalent to open thoracotomy, is finger palpation of the lung mandatory, is repeat pulmonary metastasectomy justified, and what is the interrelationship of pulmonary metastasectomy to other treatments. Current practice to the surgical approach to pulmonary metastasectomy remains quite variable.