Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Prostate specific G protein coupled receptor is associated with prostate cancer prognosis and affects cancer cell proliferation and invasion

Authors: Wenqing Cao, Faqian Li, Jorge Yao, Jiangzhou Yu

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

There is limited information about the clinical and biological significance of prostate specific G protein coupled receptor (PSGR) in prostate cancer (PCa) initiation and progression. Here, we evaluated the expression of PSGR protein, studied its diagnostic and prognostic value in PCa, and also explored its role in cancer cell growth and invasion.

Methods

The expression of PSGR in paired adjacent normal prostate, high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and PCa were determined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays constructed from 150 radical prostatectomy specimens. The effects of PSGR on PCa cell growth and invasion were investigated using human PCa cell lines.

Results

Membranous and cytoplasmic PSGR staining was observed at luminal epithelial cells of prostate. PSGR protein expression was significantly higher in PIN compared to normal prostate. Interestingly, the expression of PSGR decreased as PIN progressed to PCa. Low PSGR expression in PCa was associated with high Gleason score, and poor overall survival. Activated PSGR increased cancer cell invasive ability, but retarded cell growth. PSGR did not affect mTOR activity, but suppressed P70 S6 kinase activity.

Conclusions

PSGR may participate in PCa progression through affecting cell proliferation and invasion. High expression of PSGR in PIN may implicate its role in early neoplastic transformation of PCa. Low expression of PSGR in PCa may serve as a potential indicator for poor prognosis.
Literature
1.
2.
Xu LL, Stackhouse BG, Florence K, Zhang W, Shanmugam N, Sesterhenn IA, et al. PSGR, a novel prostate-specific gene with homology to a G protein-coupled receptor, is overexpressed in prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 2000;60(23):6568–72.PubMed
3.
Weng J, Wang J, Cai Y, Stafford LJ, Mitchell D, Ittmann M, et al. Increased expression of prostate-specific G-protein-coupled receptor in human prostate intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancers. Int J Cancer. 2005;113(5):811–8.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Tang XL, Wang Y, Li DL, Luo J, Liu MY. Orphan G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs): biological functions and potential drug targets. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2012;33(3):363–71.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
5.
Xu LL, Sun C, Petrovics G, Makarem M, Furusato B, Zhang W, et al. Quantitative expression profile of PSGR in prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2006;9(1):56–61.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Wang J, Weng J, Cai Y, Penland R, Liu M, Ittmann M. The prostate-specific G-protein coupled receptors PSGR and PSGR2 are prostate cancer biomarkers that are complementary to alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase. Prostate. 2006;66(8):847–57.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Rigau M, Morote J, Mir MC, Ballesteros C, Ortega I, Sanchez A, et al. PSGR and PCA3 as biomarkers for the detection of prostate cancer in urine. Prostate. 2010;70(16):1760–7.PubMed
8.
Neuhaus EM, Zhang W, Gelis L, Deng Y, Noldus J, Hatt H. Activation of an olfactory receptor inhibits proliferation of prostate cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 2009;284(24):16218–25.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Spehr J, Gelis L, Osterloh M, Oberland S, Hatt H, Spehr M, et al. G protein-coupled receptor signaling via Src kinase induces endogenous human transient receptor potential vanilloid type 6 (TRPV6) channel activation. J Biol Chem. 2011;286(15):13184–92.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
10.
Sanz G, Leray I, Dewaele A, Sobilo J, Lerondel S, Bouet S, et al. Promotion of cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis emergence caused by olfactory receptor stimulation. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e85110.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Ren B, Zakharov V, Yang Q, McMahon L, Yu J, Cao W. MACC1 is related to colorectal cancer initiation and early-stage invasive growth. Am J Clin Pathol. 2013;140(5):701–7.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Shu C, Cheng H, Wang A, Mansukhani MM, Powell CA, Halmos B, et al. Thymidylate synthase expression and molecular alterations in adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung. Mod Pathol. 2013;26(2):239–46.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Cao W, Ma Z, Rasenick MM, Yeh S, Yu J. N-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids shift estrogen signaling to inhibit human breast cancer cell growth. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e52838.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
Yu JZ, Rasenick MM. Real-time visualization of a fluorescent G(alpha)(s): dissociation of the activated G protein from plasma membrane. Mol Pharmacol. 2002;61(2):352–9.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Vojtechova M, Tureckova J, Kucerova D, Sloncova E, Vachtenheim J, Tuhackova Z. Regulation of mTORC1 signaling by Src kinase activity is Akt1-independent in RSV-transformed cells. Neoplasia. 2008;10(2):99–107.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
Majumder PK, Sellers WR. Akt-regulated pathways in prostate cancer. Oncogene. 2005;24(50):7465–74.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Burgio SL, Fabbri F, Seymour IJ, Zoli W, Amadori D, De Giorgi U. Perspectives on mTOR inhibitors for castration-refractory prostate cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2012;12(8):940–9.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Bitting RL, Armstrong AJ. Targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2013;20(3):R83–99.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Yuan TT, Toy P, McClary JA, Lin RJ, Miyamoto NG, Kretschmer PJ. Cloning and genetic characterization of an evolutionarily conserved human olfactory receptor that is differentially expressed across species. Gene. 2001;278(1–2):41–51.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Xia C, Ma W, Wang F, Hua S, Liu M. Identification of a prostate-specific G-protein coupled receptor in prostate cancer. Oncogene. 2001;20(41):5903–7.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Vogel C, Marcotte EM. Insights into the regulation of protein abundance from proteomic and transcriptomic analyses. Nat Rev Genet. 2012;13(4):227–32.PubMedPubMedCentral
22.
Rigau M, Ortega I, Mir MC, Ballesteros C, Garcia M, Llaurado M, et al. A three-gene panel on urine increases PSA specificity in the detection of prostate cancer. Prostate. 2011;71(16):1736–45.CrossRefPubMed
23.
24.
Berven LA, Willard FS, Crouch MF. Role of the p70(S6K) pathway in regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration. Exp Cell Res. 2004;296(2):183–95.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Chen JS, Wang Q, Fu XH, Huang XH, Chen XL, Cao LQ, et al. Involvement of PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway in invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma: Association with MMP-9. Hepatol Res. 2009;39(2):177–86.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Liu L, Li F, Cardelli JA, Martin KA, Blenis J, Huang S. Rapamycin inhibits cell motility by suppression of mTOR-mediated S6K1 and 4E-BP1 pathways. Oncogene. 2006;25(53):7029–40.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Bhola NE, Thomas SM, Freilino M, Joyce S, Sahu A, Maxwell J, et al. Targeting GPCR-mediated p70S6K activity may improve head and neck cancer response to cetuximab. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;17(15):4996–5004.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
28.
Billington CK, Kong KC, Bhattacharyya R, Wedegaertner PB, Panettieri Jr RA, Chan TO, et al. Cooperative regulation of p70S6 kinase by receptor tyrosine kinases and G protein-coupled receptors augments airway smooth muscle growth. Biochemistry. 2005;44(44):14595–605.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Prostate specific G protein coupled receptor is associated with prostate cancer prognosis and affects cancer cell proliferation and invasion
Authors
Wenqing Cao
Faqian Li
Jorge Yao
Jiangzhou Yu
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1921-6

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

BMC Cancer 1/2015 Go to the issue

Study protocol

NEOSCOPE: a randomised Phase II study of induction chemotherapy followed by either oxaliplatin/capecitabine or paclitaxel/carboplatin based chemoradiation as pre-operative regimen for resectable oesophageal adenocarcinoma

Erratum

Erratum to: The diagnostic challenge of pulmonary tumour thrombotic microangiopathy as a presentation for metastatic gastric cancer: A case report and review of the literature

Research article

HGUE-C-1 is an atypical and novel colon carcinoma cell line

Research article

Methylation and expression of the tumour suppressor, PRDM5, in colorectal cancer and polyp subgroups

Research article

Early increase in circulating carbonic anhydrase IX during neoadjuvant treatment predicts favourable outcome in locally advanced rectal cancer

Research article

Association between shift work and the risk of death from biliary tract cancer in Japanese men
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Watch now

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Image Credits