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Published in: Journal of Medical Case Reports 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Prostate Cancer | Case Report

Prostate cancer, chronic myelogenous leukemia and multiple myeloma in a single patient: a case report and review of the literature

Authors: Abolghasem Allahyari, Amirhosein Maharati, Amir Masoud Jafari-Nozad, Alireza zangooie

Published in: Journal of Medical Case Reports | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Synchronous or metachronous multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) are a known phenomenon. These occurrences may be spontaneous or related to environmental risk factors or genetic predisposition. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and Multiple myeloma (MM) are two uncommon hematologic malignancies, arises from two different cell lineage. The coexistence of CML and MM that is a rare phenomenon, with only 29 cases reported in the literature. To the best of our, this combination of triple primary cancers has not been reported in a single patient.

Case presentation

Herein, we reported a case of an 85-year-old Iranian male with three confirmed primary malignant neoplasms. The patient presented with synchronous prostate cancer and CML, in august 2016. He received imatinib and nilotinib for CML and hormonal therapy for prostate cancer. He remained in good control at further follow-ups for about 5 years. In the follow-up period and after 61 months treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), CML was undetectable in molecular tests, but the presence of serum M-protein, abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow, and CRAB criteria was compatible with MM.

Conclusion

We must evaluate the possibility of multiple primary cancers during cancer treatment and follow-up and it may be worthwhile to monitor serum electrophoresis and protein levels in TKIs-treated patients.
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Metadata
Title
Prostate cancer, chronic myelogenous leukemia and multiple myeloma in a single patient: a case report and review of the literature
Authors
Abolghasem Allahyari
Amirhosein Maharati
Amir Masoud Jafari-Nozad
Alireza zangooie
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Medical Case Reports / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1752-1947
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-023-03753-z

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