Progressive Fat Necrosis After Breast Augmentation with Autologous Lipotransfer: A Cause of Long-Lasting High Fever and Axillary Lymph Node Enlargement

Breast augmentation with autologous fat transfer has been widely practiced. However, this procedure is not exempt from complications even after technique refinement. This article aims to describe a case of long-lasting high fever, axillary node enlargement, and upper extremity dysfunction caused by liponecrosis after breast fat injection. Radiological and histological examination confirmed liponecrosis in bilateral breasts. Aspiration, drainage, and irrigation were performed along with empirical antibiotic treatment. The patient has made a full recovery from the operation. Liponecrosis, one of the complications after autologous fat grafting to the breast, may present widely different symptoms and signs. Even experienced surgeons should not underestimate it and caution should be used to maintain safety during and after the procedure.

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