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BMC Health Services Research
Published in: BMC Health Services Research 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Procedure-based severity index for inpatients: development and validation using administrative database

Authors: Hayato Yamana, Hiroki Matsui, Kiyohide Fushimi, Hideo Yasunaga

Published in: BMC Health Services Research | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Background

Risk adjustment is important in studies using administrative databases. Although utilization of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures can represent patient severity, the usability of procedure records in risk adjustment is not well-documented. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate a severity index calculable from procedure records.

Methods

Using the Japanese nationwide Diagnosis Procedure Combination database of acute-care hospitals, we identified patients discharged between 1 April 2012 and 31 March 2013 with an admission-precipitating diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, acute cerebrovascular disease, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, pneumonia, or septicemia. Subjects were randomly assigned to the derivation cohort or the validation cohort. In the derivation cohort, we used multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify procedures performed on admission day which were significantly associated with in-hospital death, and a point corresponding to regression coefficient was assigned to each procedure. An index was then calculated in the validation cohort as sum of points for performed procedures, and performance of mortality-predicting model using the index and other patient characteristics was evaluated.

Results

Of the 539 385 hospitalizations included, 270 054 and 269 331 were assigned to the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. Nineteen significant procedures were identified from the derivation cohort with points ranging from −3 to 23, producing a severity index with possible range of −13 to 69. In the validation cohort, c-statistic of mortality-predicting model was 0.767 (95 % confidence interval: 0.764–0.770). The ω-statistic representing contribution of the index relative to other variables was 1.09 (95 % confidence interval: 1.03–1.17).

Conclusions

Procedure-based severity index predicted mortality well, suggesting that procedure records in administrative database are useful for risk adjustment.
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Metadata
Title
Procedure-based severity index for inpatients: development and validation using administrative database
Authors
Hayato Yamana
Hiroki Matsui
Kiyohide Fushimi
Hideo Yasunaga
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Health Services Research / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6963
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-0889-x

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