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Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences 6/2023

21-01-2023 | Probiotics | Original Article

Effect of Clostridium butyricum on High-Fat Diet-Induced Intestinal Inflammation and Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Authors: Yonghoon Choi, Soo In Choi, Nayoung Kim, Ryoung Hee Nam, Jae Young Jang, Hee Young Na, Cheol Min Shin, Dong Ho Lee, Huitae Min, Yeon-Ran Kim, Yeong-Jae Seok

Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Issue 6/2023

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Abstract

Background/Aims

A high-fat diet (HFD) can cause intestinal inflammation and alter the gut microbiota; probiotics, however, are known to have anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the response of rat colon to HFD and the effect of Clostridium butyricum on HFD-induced intestinal inflammation and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) according to sex.

Methods

Male and female 6-week-old Fischer-344 rats were fed a chow diet or HFD for 8 weeks, and Biovita or three different concentrations of C. butyricum were orally gavaged. The levels of tight junction proteins (TJPs), inflammatory markers in the ascending colonic mucosa, and bile acids (BAs) and SCFAs in stool were measured.

Results

HFD significantly increased the histological inflammation scores and fat proportions. Fecal BA levels were higher in the HFD group than in the control group, with a more prominent increase in deoxycholic acid/cholic acid after probiotics administration in females; however, no statistically significant differences were observed. TJPs showed an opposite response to HFD depending on sex, and tended to increase and decrease after HFD in males and females, respectively. The HFD-reduced TJPs were recovered by probiotics, with some statistical significance in females. HFD-decreased butyric acid in stools appeared to be recovered by probiotics in males, but not in females. The expression of inflammatory markers (TNF-α) was increased by HFD in males and decreased with medium-concentration probiotic supplementation. The opposite was observed in females. MPO was increased by HFD in both sexes and decreased by probiotic supplementation.

Conclusions

The probiotic C. butyricum improved indicators of HFD-induced colonic inflammation such as levels of inflammatory markers and increased the production of SCFAs and the expression of TJPs. These effects tended to be more pronounced in male rats, showing sex difference.
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Metadata
Title
Effect of Clostridium butyricum on High-Fat Diet-Induced Intestinal Inflammation and Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Authors
Yonghoon Choi
Soo In Choi
Nayoung Kim
Ryoung Hee Nam
Jae Young Jang
Hee Young Na
Cheol Min Shin
Dong Ho Lee
Huitae Min
Yeon-Ran Kim
Yeong-Jae Seok
Publication date
21-01-2023
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Digestive Diseases and Sciences / Issue 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0163-2116
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2568
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-023-07835-2

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