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Clinical Oral Investigations
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations 3/2021

01-03-2021 | Probiotics | Original Article

Probiotic strains of Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy: 3-month results of a randomized controlled clinical trial

Authors: P. Pudgar, K. Povšič, K. Čuk, K. Seme, M. Petelin, R. Gašperšič

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 3/2021

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Abstract

Objectives

To determine if periodontitis patients benefit from treatment with Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum strains, applied into periodontal pockets as gel and thereafter taken as lozenges, as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP).

Materials and methods

In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 40 patients received scaling and root planing (SRP) in two sessions within 7 days. Patients then received either probiotic gel and lozenges (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20). The primary outcome variable was the number of diseased sites (DS: PD > 4 mm + BOP) at the 3-month re-evaluation. The effects of gender, age, probiotic therapy, presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, smoking, tooth being a molar and interdental location were evaluated using a multivariate multilevel logistic regression model.

Results

The number of DS after 3 months was similar in the test (Me = 8, IQR = 5–11) and control (Me = 5, IQR = 1–10) groups. Both groups showed substantial but equivalent improvements in periodontal parameters. The logistic regression showed higher odds for the healing of gingival bleeding (OR = 2.12, p = 0.048) and lower odds for the healing of DS (OR = 0.51; p < 0.001) in the probiotic group.

Conclusions

Patients with periodontitis benefit from adjunctive use of probiotics containing L. brevis and L. plantarum in terms of reduction of gingival bleeding. However, adjunctive probiotics increase the number of persisting diseased sites with PD > 4 mm and BOP.

Clinical relevance

The adjunctive use of probiotics containing L. brevis and L. plantarum strains in treating chronic periodontitis results in a higher number of residual diseased sites when compared with SRP + placebo; its use is therefore unfounded.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
Probiotic strains of Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum as adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy: 3-month results of a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors
P. Pudgar
K. Povšič
K. Čuk
K. Seme
M. Petelin
R. Gašperšič
Publication date
01-03-2021
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 3/2021
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03449-4

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