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Current Urology Reports
Published in: Current Urology Reports 8/2023

20-04-2023 | Penicillamine

Outcomes of Paediatric Cystine Stone Management: Results of a Systematic Review

Authors: Francesco Ripa, Amelia Pietropaolo, Robert Geraghty, Stephen Griffin, Paul Cook, Bhaskar Somani

Published in: Current Urology Reports | Issue 8/2023

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

We wanted to analyse the outcomes of surgical (SWL, URS, PCNL) and medical management of cystine stones in the paediatric population in terms of stone-free status and complication rates, based on all the available literature evidence.

Recent Findings

A systematic review of literature was performed for all studies with paediatric cystine stone management. Twelve studies met the eligibility criteria, of which 4 analysed outcomes of SWL, 2 of URS and 3 of PCNL and 3 focused on the effect of either alkalising agents (potassium citrate, citric acid) or cysteine-binding thiol (CBT) agents (tiopronin, penicillamine). The reported SFR in studies ranged from 50 to 83%, 59 to 100% and 63 to 80.6%, with a complication rate of 2.8–51%, 14–27% and 12.9–15.4% with SWL, URS and PCNL, respectively.

Summary

Paediatric cystine stones treatment should aim at complete stone clearance, preservation of renal function and prevention of further recurrences. SWL achieves inferior results in case of cystine stones. URS and PCNL are safe and effective procedures in the paediatric population, with a low rate of major complications. Adherence to medical prevention therapies may prolong recurrence-free periods.
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Metadata
Title
Outcomes of Paediatric Cystine Stone Management: Results of a Systematic Review
Authors
Francesco Ripa
Amelia Pietropaolo
Robert Geraghty
Stephen Griffin
Paul Cook
Bhaskar Somani
Publication date
20-04-2023
Publisher
Springer US
Keyword
Penicillamine
Published in
Current Urology Reports / Issue 8/2023
Print ISSN: 1527-2737
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6285
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-023-01162-9

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