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BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
Published in: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research article

Pedometer use and self-determined motivation for walking in a cardiac telerehabilitation program: a qualitative study

Authors: Charlotte Brun Thorup, Mette Grønkjær, Helle Spindler, Jan Jesper Andreasen, John Hansen, Birthe Irene Dinesen, Gitte Nielsen, Erik Elgaard Sørensen

Published in: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation reduces morbidity and mortality. Walking is a convenient activity suitable for people with cardiac disease. Pedometers count steps, measure walking activity and motivate people to increase physical activity. In this study, patients participating in cardiac telerehabilitation were provided with a pedometer to support motivation for physical activity with the purpose of exploring pedometer use and self-determined motivation for walking experienced by patients and health professionals during a cardiac telerehabilitation program.

Methods

A qualitative research design consisting of observations, individual interviews and patient documents made the basis for a content analysis. Data was analysed deductively using Self Determination Theory as a frame for analysis and discussion, focusing on the psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness. Twelve cardiac patients, 11 health professionals, 6 physiotherapists and 5 registered nurses were included.

Results

The pedometer offered independence from standardised rehabilitation since the pedometer supported tailoring, individualised walking activity based on the patient’s choice. This led to an increased autonomy. The patients felt consciously aware of health benefits of walking, and the pedometer provided feedback on walking activity leading to an increased competence to achieve goals for steps. Finally, the pedometer supported relatedness with others. The health professionals’ surveillance of patients’ steps, made the patients feel observed, yet supported, furthermore, their next of kin appeared to be supportive as walking partners.

Conclusion

Cardiac patients’ motivation for walking was evident due to pedometer use. Even though not all aspects of motivation were autonomous and self determined, the patients felt motivated for walking. The visible steps and continuous monitoring of own walking activity made it possible for each individual patient to choose their desired kind of activity and perform ongoing adjustments of walking activity. The immediate feedback on step activity and the expectations of health benefits resulted in motivation for walking. Finally, pedometer supported walking made surveillance possible, giving the patients a feeling of being looked after and supported.

Trial registration

Current study is a part of The Teledi@log project.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Pedometer use and self-determined motivation for walking in a cardiac telerehabilitation program: a qualitative study
Authors
Charlotte Brun Thorup
Mette Grønkjær
Helle Spindler
Jan Jesper Andreasen
John Hansen
Birthe Irene Dinesen
Gitte Nielsen
Erik Elgaard Sørensen
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 2052-1847
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-016-0048-7

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