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01-07-2011 | Original Article

Pedigree likelihood ratio for lineage markers

Authors: Jianye Ge, Arthur Eisenberg, Jiangwei Yan, Ranajit Chakraborty, Bruce Budowle

Published in: International Journal of Legal Medicine | Issue 4/2011

Abstract

Lineage-based haplotype markers (e.g., Y chromosome STRs and mitochondrial DNA sequences) are important adjunct tools to the autosomal markers for kinship analysis and for specialized kinship applications such as database searching. Traditionally, the prosecution or kinship hypothesis considers the haplotypes in the same lineage and the probability of genotype data given the lineage hypothesis is simply set at 1 if the number of mismatched loci or nucleotides between the questioned person and the references is less than a predefined threshold. In this study, a kinship hypothesis based on a fixed relationship of the questioned person in the reference family is introduced. A graphical model is proposed to calculate the probability of the genotype data given the kinship hypothesis, which is the product of haplotype frequency of the founder in the pedigree and the transmission probability from the founder to all descendants. Proper mutation models are suggested for Y chromosome STRs and mitochondrial DNA sequence variants (i.e., SNPs) to calculate the transmission probability. The methods to infer the genotypes of the untyped individuals in the pedigree and the computational complexity of handling these untyped individuals are also addressed. Lastly, numerical examples of the applications are given to demonstrate the kinship hypothesis and the algorithms.

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Title: Pedigree likelihood ratio for lineage markers
Authors: Jianye Ge
Arthur Eisenberg
Jiangwei Yan
Ranajit Chakraborty
Bruce Budowle
Publication date: 01-07-2011
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: International Journal of Legal Medicine / Issue 4/2011
Print ISSN: 0937-9827
Electronic ISSN: 1437-1596
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-010-0514-9

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Pedigree likelihood ratio for lineage markers

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