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Translational Neurodegeneration

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Open Access 01-12-2021 | Parkinson's Disease | Research

Acrolein scavenger dimercaprol offers neuroprotection in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease: implication of acrolein and TRPA1

Authors: Liangqin Shi, Yazhou Lin, Yucheng Jiao, Seth A. Herr, Jonathan Tang, Edmond Rogers, Zhengli Chen, Riyi Shi

Published in: Translational Neurodegeneration | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Background

The mechanisms underlying lesions of dopaminergic (DA) neurons, an essential pathology of Parkinson’s disease (PD), are largely unknown, although oxidative stress is recognized as a key factor. We have previously shown that the pro-oxidative aldehyde acrolein is a critical factor in PD pathology, and that acrolein scavenger hydralazine can reduce the elevated acrolein, mitigate DA neuron death, and alleviate motor deficits in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model. As such, we hypothesize that a structurally distinct acrolein scavenger, dimercaprol (DP), can also offer neuroprotection and behavioral benefits.

Methods

DP was used to lower the elevated levels of acrolein in the basal ganglia of 6-OHDA rats. The acrolein levels and related pathologies were measured by immunohistochemistry. Locomotor and behavioral effects of 6-OHDA injections and DP treatment were examined using the open field test and rotarod test. Pain was assessed using mechanical allodynia, cold hypersensitivity, and plantar tests. Finally, the effects of DP were assessed in vitro on SK-N-SH dopaminergic cells exposed to acrolein.

Results

DP reduced acrolein and reversed the upregulation of pain-sensing transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels in the substantia nigra, striatum, and cortex. DP also mitigated both motor and sensory deficits typical of PD. In addition, DP lowered acrolein and protected DA-like cells in vitro. Acrolein’s ability to upregulate TRPA1 was also verified in vitro using cell lines.

Conclusions

These results further elucidated the acrolein-mediated pathogenesis and reinforced the critical role of acrolein in PD while providing strong arguments for anti-acrolein treatments as a novel and feasible strategy to combat neurodegeneration in PD. Considering the extensive involvement of acrolein in various nervous system illnesses and beyond, anti-acrolein strategies may have wide applications and broad impacts on human health.

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Title: Acrolein scavenger dimercaprol offers neuroprotection in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease: implication of acrolein and TRPA1
Authors: Liangqin Shi
Yazhou Lin
Yucheng Jiao
Seth A. Herr
Jonathan Tang
Edmond Rogers
Zhengli Chen
Riyi Shi
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Parkinson's Disease
Published in: Translational Neurodegeneration / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 2047-9158
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40035-021-00239-0

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Acrolein scavenger dimercaprol offers neuroprotection in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease: implication of acrolein and TRPA1

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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