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Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

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Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research

Parathyroid hormone-related protein serves as a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Authors: Zhongjing Lv, Xiangbing Wu, Wei Cao, ZongZe Shen, Lizhen Wang, FuRong Xie, JianJun Zhang, Tong Ji, Ming Yan, WanTao Chen

Published in: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research | Issue 1/2014

Abstract

Background

In our previous study, parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) which encodes parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) was revealed to be up-regulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) compared with paired apparently normal surgical margins using microarray method. However, the function and prognostic indicators of PTHLH/PTHrP in OSCC remain obscure.

Methods

The mRNA levels of PTHLH and its protein levels were investigated in 9 OSCC cell lines and in 36 paired OSCC specimens by real-time PCR and western blotting. The biological function of PTHLH/PTHrP was investigated using small interfering RNA (siRNA) in 3 OSCC cell lines, and immunohistochemistry was used to estimate the prognostic value of PTHrP in 101 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), including OSCC and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell cycle was tested by flow cytometry and cell cycle related genes were investigated by western blotting and immunocytochemistry assay.

Results

This study showed that the mRNA and protein levels of PTHLH in 9 OSCC cell lines were much higher than that in normal epithelial cells (P < 0.0001). In 36 paired OSCC tissues, PTHLH mRNA expressions were found higher in 32 OSCC tissues than that of paired apparently normal surgical margins (P = 0.0001). The results revealed that the down-regulation of PTHLH/PTHrP by siRNAs could reduce cell proliferation and inhibit plate and soft agar colony formation as well as affect the cell cycle of OSCC cells. The key proteins related to the cell cycle were changed by anti-PTHLH siRNA. The results showed that cyclin D1 and CDK4 expressions were significantly reduced in the cells transfected with anti-PTHLH siRNA. On the other hand, the expression of p21 was increased. The results also showed that high PTHrP level was associated with poor pathologic differentiation (P = 0.0001) and poor prognosis (P = 0.0003) in patients with HNSCC.

Conclusions

This study suggests that PTHLH/PTHrP is up-regulated in OSCCs. Therefore, PTHLH/PTHrP could play a role in the pathogenesis of OSCC by affecting cell proliferation and cell cycle, and the protein levels of PTHrP might serve as a prognostic indicator for evaluating patients with HNSCCs.

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Title: Parathyroid hormone-related protein serves as a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhongjing Lv
Xiangbing Wu
Wei Cao
ZongZe Shen
Lizhen Wang
FuRong Xie
JianJun Zhang
Tong Ji
Ming Yan
WanTao Chen
Publication date: 01-12-2014
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1756-9966
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-014-0100-y

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