Top

Published in:

01-04-2013 | Nephrology – Review

Paraoxonase 1, atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in renal patients

Authors: Ozkan Gungor, Fatih Kircelli, Huseyin Toz

Published in: International Urology and Nephrology | Issue 2/2013

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is an important contributor to increased cardiovascular burden in populations with and without renal disease. Paraoxonases (PON) are a group of enzymes that hydrolyse organophosphates. Recent evidence indicates a protective role for PON in patients with coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. Although data are limited, the low enzyme activity found in patients with chronic kidney disease and renal transplants has been linked to atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness. In this paper, we review the emerging role of PON1 in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Sarnak MJ, Foley RN (2011) Cardiovascular mortality in the general population versus dialysis: a glass half full or empty? Am J Kidney Dis 58:4–6PubMedCrossRef

Recio-Mayoral A, Banerjee D, Streather C, Kaski JC (2011) Endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease—a cross-sectional study of predialysis, dialysis and kidney-transplantation patients. Atherosclerosis 216:446–451PubMedCrossRef

Kuchta A, Pacanis A, Kortas-Stempak B et al (2011) Estimation of oxidative stress markers in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Blood Press Res 34:12–19PubMedCrossRef

Brunet P, Gondouin B, Duval-Sabatier A et al (2011) Does uremia cause vascular dysfunction? Kidney Blood Press Res 34:284–290PubMedCrossRef

Van Craeyveld E, Gordts SC, Jacobs F, De Geest B. (2011) Correlation of atherosclerosis between different topographic sites is highly dependent on the type of hyperlipidemia. Heart Vessel. doi:10.1007/s00380-010-0098-9

Ok E, Basnakian AG, Apostolov EO, Barri YM, Shah SV (2005) Carbamylated low-density lipoprotein induces death of endothelial cells: a link to atherosclerosis in patients with kidney disease. Kidney Int 68:173–178PubMedCrossRef

Mackness MI, Durrington PN, Mackness B (2004) The role of paraoxonase 1 activity in cardiovascular disease: potential for therapeutic intervention. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 4:211–217PubMedCrossRef

Précourt LP, Amre D, Denis MC et al (2011) The three-gene paraoxonase family: physiologic roles, actions and regulation. Atherosclerosis 214:20–36PubMedCrossRef

Mackness MI, Mackness B, Durrington PN (2002) Paraoxonase and coronary heart disease. Atheroscler Suppl 3:49–55PubMedCrossRef

10.

Reiner E, Svedruzic D, Simeon-Rudolf V, Lipovac V, Gavella M, Mrzljak V (1999) Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in the serum of two hyperlipoproteinaemic patients after repeated extracorporal lipid precipitation. Chem Biol Interact 119–120:405–411PubMedCrossRef

11.

Seo D, Goldschmidt-Clermont P (2009) The paraoxonase gene family and atherosclerosis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 11:182–187PubMedCrossRef

12.

La Du BN, Aviram M, Billecke S et al (1999) On the physiological role(s) of the paraoxonases. Chem Biol Interact 14:379–388

13.

Yildiz A, Gur M, Yilmaz R et al (2008) Association of paraoxonase activity and coronary blood flow. Atherosclerosis 197:257–263PubMedCrossRef

14.

Dantoine TF, Debord J, Charmes JP et al (1998) Decrease of serum paraoxonase activity in chronic renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 9:2082–2088PubMed

15.

Hambali Z, Ahmad Z, Arab S, Khazaai H (2011) Oxidative stress and its association with cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure patients. Indian J Nephrol 21:21–25PubMedCrossRef

16.

Tartan Z, Orhan G, Kasikçioglu H et al (2007) The role of paraoxonase (PON) enzyme in the extent and severity of the coronary artery disease in type-2 diabetic patients. Heart Vessels 22:158–164PubMedCrossRef

17.

Agachan B, Yilmaz H, Isbir T, Akoglu E (2004) Paraoxonase 192 polymorphism and its relationship to serum lipids in Turkish renal transplant recipients. Transpl Proc 36:1385–1386CrossRef

18.

Wang M, Lang X, Zou L, Huang S, Xu Z (2011) Four genetic polymorphisms of paraoxonase gene and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis based on 88 case-control studies. Atherosclerosis 214:377–385PubMedCrossRef

19.

Mackness B, Durrington PN, Mackness MI (1998) Human serum paraoxonase. Gen Pharmacol 31:329–336PubMedCrossRef

20.

Hu Y, Tian H, Liu R (2003) Gln-Arg192 polymorphism of paraoxonase 1 is associated with carotid intima-media thickness in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus of Chinese. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 61:21–27

21.

Chen Q, Reis SE, Kammerer CM et al (2003) Association between the severity of angiographic coronary artery disease and paraoxonase gene polymorphisms in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored women’s ischemia syndrome evaluation (WISE) study. Am J Hum Genet 72:13–22

22.

Imai Y, Morita H, Kurihara H et al (2000) Evidence for association between paraoxonase gene polymorphisms and atherosclerotic diseases. Atherosclerosis 149:435–442

23.

Liu R, Bai H, Deng J, Liu Y, Huang M, Li X, Liu B (2001) The paraoxonase Gln-Arg192 polymorphism in patients with coronary heart disease in Chinese population. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 32:385–388

24.

Malin R, Järvinen O, Sisto T, Koivula T, Lehtimäki T (2001) Paraoxonase producing PON1 gene M/L55 polymorphism is related to autopsy-verified artery-wall atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 157:301–307

25.

Schmidt H, Schmidt R, Niederkorn K et al (1998) Paraoxonase PON1 polymorphism leu-Met54 is associated with carotid atherosclerosis: results of the Austrian stroke prevention study. Stroke 29:2043–2048

26.

Arca M, Ombres D, Montali A et al (2002) PON1 L55M polymorphism is not a predictor of coronary atherosclerosis either alone or in combination with Q192R polymorphism in an Italian population. Eur J Clin Invest 32(1):9–15

27.

Hofer SE, Bennetts B, Chan AK et al (2006) Association between PON 1 polymorphisms, PON activity and diabetes complications. J Diabetes Complicat 20:322–328PubMedCrossRef

28.

Harangi M, Seres I, Magyar MT et al (2008) Association between human paraoxonase 1 activity and intima-media thickness in subjects under 55 years of age with carotid artery disease. Cerebrovasc Dis 25:122–128PubMedCrossRef

29.

Yang WI, Lee SH, Ko YG et al (2010) Relationship between paraoxonase-1 activity, carotid intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients. J Hum Hypertens 24:492–494PubMedCrossRef

30.

Covic A, Gusbeth-Tatomir P, Goldsmith DJ (2005) Arterial stiffness in renal patients: an update. Am J Kidney Dis 45:965–977PubMedCrossRef

31.

Yildiz M, Simsek G, Uzun H, Uysal S, Sahin S, Balci H (2010) Assessment of low-density lipoprotein oxidation, paraoxonase activity, and arterial distensibility in epileptic children who were treated with anti-epileptic drugs. Cardiol Young 20:547–554PubMedCrossRef

32.

Gungor O, Kircelli F, Demirci MS et al (2011) Serum paraoxonase 1 activity predicts arterial stiffness in renal transplant recipients. J Atheroscler Thromb 18:901–905PubMedCrossRef

33.

Ciftci H, Savas M, Yeni E, Verit A, Celik H, Oncel H (2010) Serum paraoxonase activity in patients with low glomerular filtration rates. Ren Fail 32:562–565PubMedCrossRef

34.

Dirican M, Akca R, Sarandol E, Dilek K (2004) Serum paraoxonase activity in uremic predialysis and hemodialysis patients. J Nephrol 17:813–818PubMed

35.

Saeed SA, Elsharkawy M, Elsaeed K, Fooda O (2008) Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity as a risk factor for atherosclerosis in chronic renal failure patients. Hemodial Int 12:471–479PubMedCrossRef

36.

Cheung AK (2009) Is lipid control necessary in hemodialysis patients? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 4:95–101CrossRef

37.

Dirican M, Sarandol E, Serdar Z, Ocak N, Dilek K (2007) Oxidative status and prevalent cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol 68:144–150PubMed

38.

Gugliucci A, Mehlhaff K, Kinugasa E et al (2007) Paraoxonase-1 concentrations in end-stage renal disease patients increase after hemodialysis: correlation with low molecular AGE adduct clearance. Clin Chim Acta 377:213–220PubMedCrossRef

39.

Schiavon R, De Fanti E, Giavarina D, Biasioli S, Cavalcanti G, Guidi G (1996) Serum paraoxonase activity is decreased in uremic patients. Clin Chim Acta 247:71–80PubMedCrossRef

40.

Itahara T, Suehiro T, Ikeda Y et al (2000) Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in hemodialysis patients. J Atheroscler Thromb 7:152–158PubMed

41.

Paragh G, Asztalos L, Seres I et al. (1999) Serum paraoxonase activity changes in uremic and kidney-transplanted patients. Nephron 83:126–131

42.

Juretic D, Tadijanovic M, Rekic B, Simeon-Rudolf V, Reiner E, Baricic M (2001) Serum paraoxonase activities in hemodialyzed uremic patients: cohort study. Croat Med J 42:146–150PubMed

43.

Sutherland WH, de Jong SA, Walker RJ (2004) Hypochlorous acid and low serum paraoxonase activity in haemodialysis patients: an in vitro study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 19:75–82

44.

Paragh G, Seres I, Balogh Z et al (1998) The serum paraoxonase activity in patients with chronic renal failure and hyperlipidemia. Nephron 80:166–170PubMedCrossRef

45.

Ak G, Ozgönül M, Sözmen EY, Aslan SL, Sözmen B (2002) Renal cortical thickness and PON1 activity both decrease in chronic renal failure. J Nephrol 15:144–149PubMed

46.

Henning BF, Holzhausen H, Tepel M (2010) Continuous reduction of plasma paraoxonase activity with increasing dialysis vintage in hemodialysis patients. Ther Apher Dial 14:572–576PubMedCrossRef

47.

Emre H, Keles M, Yildirim S et al (2011) Comparison of the oxidant-antioxidant parameters and sialic acid levels in renal transplant patients and peritoneal dialysis patients. Transpl Proc 43:809–812CrossRef

48.

Liberopoulos EN, Papavasiliou E, Miltiadous GA et al (2004) Alterations of paraoxonase and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activities in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int 24:580–589PubMed

49.

Lentine KL, Hurst FP, Jindal RM et al (2010) Cardiovascular risk assessment among potential kidney transplant candidates: approaches and controversies. Am J Kidney Dis 55:152–167PubMedCrossRef

50.

Hasselwander O, Savage DA, McMaster D et al (1999) Paraoxonase polymorphisms are not associated with cardiovascular risk in renal transplant recipients. Kidney Int 56:289–298PubMedCrossRef

51.

Mirdamadi HZ, Sztanek F, Derdak Z, Seres I, Harangi M, Paragh G (2008) The human paraoxonase-1 phenotype modifies the effect of statins on paraoxonase activity and lipid parameters. Br J Clin Pharmacol 66:366–373PubMedCrossRef

52.

Paragh G, Seres I, Harangi M et al (2006) Ciprofibrate increases paraoxonase activity in patients with metabolic syndrome. Br J Clin Pharmacol 61:694–701PubMedCrossRef

53.

Blatter-Garin MC, Kalix B, De Pree S, James RW (2003) Aspirin use is associated with higher serum concentrations of the antioxidant enzyme, paraoxonase-1. Diabetologia 46:593–594PubMed

54.

Turfaner N, Uzun H, Balci H et al (2010) Ezetimibe therapy and its influence on oxidative stress and fibrinolytic activity. South Med J 103:428–433PubMedCrossRef

55.

Marsillach J, Martinez-Vea A, Marcas L et al (2007) Administration of exogenous erythropoietin b affects lipid peroxidation and serum paraoxonase-1 activity and concentration in predialysis patients with chronic renal disease and anemia. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 34:347–349PubMedCrossRef

Title: Paraoxonase 1, atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in renal patients
Authors: Ozkan Gungor
Fatih Kircelli
Huseyin Toz
Publication date: 01-04-2013
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: International Urology and Nephrology / Issue 2/2013
Print ISSN: 0301-1623
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2584
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-012-0197-x

Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin

Prof. Florian Limbourg

Prof. Anoop Chauhan

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 2/2013

Effect of performing varicocelectomy before intracytoplasmic sperm injection on clinical outcomes in non-azoospermic males

Reconstruction of defects in 11 patients with penile Paget’s diseases with split-thickness skin graft

Haematuria and acute kidney injury in elderly patients admitted to hospital with supratherapeutic warfarin anticoagulation

Low serum pancreatic enzyme levels predict mortality and are associated with malnutrition–inflammation–atherosclerosis syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease

The effects of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors on serum uric acid levels in renal transplant patients

Successful treatment of Nocardia pneumonia with cytomegalovirus retinitis coinfection in a renal transplant recipient

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

At a glance: The STEP trials