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01-04-2018 | Original Paper

p53 expression and subcellular survivin localization improve the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with diffuse astrocytic tumors

Authors: Roberta Soares Faccion, Paula Sabbo Bernardo, Giselle Pinto Faria de Lopes, Leonardo Soares Bastos, Cristina Lordello Teixeira, José Antonio de Oliveira, Priscila Valverde Fernandes, Luiz Gustavo Dubois, Leila Chimelli, Raquel Ciuvalschi Maia

Published in: Cellular Oncology | Issue 2/2018

Abstract

Purpose

Diffuse astrocytic tumors are the most frequently occurring primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Their histological sub-classification into diffuse astrocytoma (DA), anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and glioblastoma (GB) is challenging and the available prognostic factors are limited to age and tumor subtype. Biomarkers that may improve the histological sub-classification and/or serve as prognostic factors are, therefore, urgently needed. The relationship between survivin and p53 in diffuse astrocytic tumor progression and survival is currently unclear. Here, we aimed to assess the relevance of these proteins in the accuracy of the histological sub-classification of these tumors and their respective treatment responses.

Methods

One hundred and thirty-three formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded diffuse astrocytic tumor samples were included. The tumor samples were histologically reviewed and subsequently assessed for p53 and survivin expression and the presence of the IDH R132H mutation by immunohistochemistry. p53 expression levels and survivin subcellular localization patterns were correlated with histological classification and clinical outcome.

Results

We found that age and histological subtype were the only features with a prognostic impact. In addition, we found that high p53 expression levels and a nuclear survivin localization correlated with the AA subtype, whereas cytoplasmic survivin localization correlated with the GB subtype. We also found that patients carrying tumors with a high cytoplasmic survivin expression, a high nuclear survivin expression or a high p53 expression, and who did not receive radiotherapy, exhibited poorer short-term and long-term overall survival rates.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that subcellular survivin localization and p53 expression may be employed as valuable tools to improve the accuracy of the histological sub-classification of diffuse astrocytic tumors. Patients whose tumors overexpress these proteins may benefit from radiotherapy, irrespective age and/or histological classification.

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Title: p53 expression and subcellular survivin localization improve the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with diffuse astrocytic tumors
Authors: Roberta Soares Faccion
Paula Sabbo Bernardo
Giselle Pinto Faria de Lopes
Leonardo Soares Bastos
Cristina Lordello Teixeira
José Antonio de Oliveira
Priscila Valverde Fernandes
Luiz Gustavo Dubois
Leila Chimelli
Raquel Ciuvalschi Maia
Publication date: 01-04-2018
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cellular Oncology / Issue 2/2018
Print ISSN: 2211-3428
Electronic ISSN: 2211-3436
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-017-0361-5

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