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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Overweight | Research

Relationship between 24-h activity behavior and body fat percentage in preschool children: based on compositional data and isotemporal substitution analysis

Authors: Jinmei Fu, Shunli Sun, Shenggen Zhu, Runze Wang, Delong Chen, Ruiming Chen, Ran Xue, Wendi Lv, Yunfan Zhang, Ting Huang, Xuewen Hu, Tianle Jiang, Lei Wen, Liqiang Su, Zihao He, Guanggao Zhao, Weilu Zou

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Objective

This study aims to elucidate the dose‒response relationship between 24-h activity behaviors and body fat percentage (BFP) in Chinese preschool children using a compositional isotemporal substitution model (ISM).

Methods

In a cross-sectional design, 881 children aged 3–6 from urban and rural areas of Jiangxi Province were sampled. Activity behaviors, including sedentary behavior (SB), low-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to high-intensity physical activity (MVPA), were measured using accelerometers. Sleep patterns were assessed through questionnaires, and BFP was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The study employed compositional data analysis (CoDA) and ISM to estimate the impact of reallocating durations of different activity behaviors on BFP.

Results

Higher BFP was found in urban vs. rural children, decreasing with age. Overweight and obesity rates were 10.6% and 7.6%, respectively, above national averages. MVPA and LPA were negatively correlated with BFP, while SB was positively correlated.
A 30-min MVPA reduction significantly increased zBFR, particularly in overweight children. Gender-specific nuances revealed that boys' MVPA negatively influenced zBFP (β = -0.155), P < 0.05), while girls' SB positively impacted zBFP (β = 0.636, P < 0.01). Isotemporal simulations emphasized amplified effects in overweight children, with boys' zBFR rising rapidly when MVPA was substituted and girls displaying a notable substitution effect between SB and LPA.

Conclusion

BFP is closely linked to 24-h activity behaviors, notably in overweight and obese preschoolers. ISM identified MVPA as a critical influencer, with a 30-min reduction substantially increasing BFP. Gender disparities were evident, implicating MVPA in boys and LPA and SB in girls.
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Metadata
Title
Relationship between 24-h activity behavior and body fat percentage in preschool children: based on compositional data and isotemporal substitution analysis
Authors
Jinmei Fu
Shunli Sun
Shenggen Zhu
Runze Wang
Delong Chen
Ruiming Chen
Ran Xue
Wendi Lv
Yunfan Zhang
Ting Huang
Xuewen Hu
Tianle Jiang
Lei Wen
Liqiang Su
Zihao He
Guanggao Zhao
Weilu Zou
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18570-2

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