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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Published in: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 1/2020

Open Access 01-12-2020 | Overweight | Research article

Monitoring gestational weight gain and prepregnancy BMI using the 2009 IOM guidelines in the global population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Jose Alberto Martínez-Hortelano, Iván Cavero-Redondo, Celia Álvarez-Bueno, Miriam Garrido-Miguel, Alba Soriano-Cano, Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno

Published in: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

Previous studies have reported a high prevalence of excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) in women with prepregnancy BMI classified as overweight and obese. However, the joint evidence regarding GWG and prepregnancy BMI in the worldwide population has not been synthesized. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate global and regional mean GWG and the prevalence of GWG above, within and below 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines. Second, we aimed to estimate global and regional prepregnancy BMI and the prevalence of BMI categories according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification.

Methods

We searched Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science to identify observational studies until 9 May 2018. We included studies published from 2009 that used 2009 IOM guidelines, reporting data from women in general population with singleton pregnancies. The 2009 IOM categories for GWG and the WHO categories for prepregnancy BMI were used. DerSimonian and Laird random effects methods were used to estimate the pooled and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of the mean and by category rates of GWG and prepregnancy BMI, calculated by global and regions.

Results

Sixty-three published studies from 29 countries with a total sample size of 1,416,915 women were included. The global prevalence of GWG above and below the 2009 IOM guidelines, was 27.8% (95% CI; 26.5, 29.1) and 39.4% (95% CI; 37.1, 41.7), respectively. Furthermore, meta-regression analyses showed that the mean GWG and the prevalence of GWG above guidelines have increased. The global prevalence of overweight and obesity, was 23.0% (95% CI; 22.3, 23.7) and 16.3% (95% CI; 15.4, 17.4), respectively. The highest mean GWG and prepregnancy BMI were in North America and the lowest were in Asia.

Conclusions

Considering the high prevalence of GWG above the 2009 IOM guidelines and women with overweight/obesity and their continuously increasing trend in most regions, clinicians should recommend lifestyle interventions to improve women’s weight during reproductive age. Due to regional variability, these interventions should be adapted to each cultural context.

Trial registration

Prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018093562).
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
Monitoring gestational weight gain and prepregnancy BMI using the 2009 IOM guidelines in the global population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors
Jose Alberto Martínez-Hortelano
Iván Cavero-Redondo
Celia Álvarez-Bueno
Miriam Garrido-Miguel
Alba Soriano-Cano
Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Overweight
Published in
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2393
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03335-7

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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 1/2020 Go to the issue

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Introducing an efficient model for the prediction of placenta accreta spectrum using the MCP regression approach based on sonography indexes: how efficient is sonography in diagnosing accreta?

Research article

Determinants of uptake of first dose of intermittent preventive treatment among pregnant women in a secondary health Centre in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Research article

Is perinatal asphyxia predictable?

Research article

Birth preparedness, complication readiness and associated factors among pregnant women in Agnuak zone, Southwest Ethiopia: a community based comparative cross-sectional study

Research article

Predictors and clinical features of methotrexate (MTX) therapy for ectopic pregnancy

Research article

Pregnant and postpartum women’s experiences of weight stigma in healthcare