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Clinical Oral Investigations

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Open Access 01-03-2019 | Original Article

Oral findings in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome

Authors: Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk, Emil Korporowicz, Dariusz Gozdowski, Agnieszka Lecka-Ambroziak, Mieczysław Szalecki

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 3/2019

Abstract

Objective

To assess the significance of changes in the saliva in the etiology of gingivitis and tooth wear in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS).

Materials and methods

The study included 80 (2.8–18 years old; 39 girls and 41 boys): 40 in PWS group (mean age 8.0 ± 4.24 years) and 40 in control group (mean age 7.9 ± 4.12 years). General condition, oral para-functional habits, tooth wear (modified TWI), oral hygiene and gingival status (Plaque Index (PLI) and Gingival Index (GI)), localization of gingivitis, and salivary characteristics were assessed. The chi-square test, the Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman’s rank correlation, and odds ratio based on logistic regression in a statistical analysis were applied.

Results

Chances of gingivitis were increased by low PLI (odds ratio (OR) = 32.53), low resting salivary flow (OR = 3.96), increased viscosity of saliva (OR = 3.54), and mouth breathing (OR = 8.17). For gingivitis in anterior regions, low PLI (OR = 107.67), low resting (OR = 5.73) and stimulated (OR = 1.86) salivary flow, increased viscosity of saliva (OR = 5.87), mouth breathing (OR = 10.00), and low stimulated salivary flow (OR = 3.18) were observed. Tooth wear rates were increased by teeth grinding (OR = 16.20), mouth breathing (OR = 4.33), increased viscosity of saliva (OR = 11.67) and low resting (OR = 6.07), and stimulated (OR = 4.22) salivary flow.

Conclusions

In PWS, reduced salivary secretion, increased viscosity, of saliva and mouth breathing increase the risk of plaque-induced gingivitis and tooth wear.

Clinical relevance

The prevention and treatment of tooth wear and gingivitis in PWS patients is necessary not only to treat bruxism and mouth breathing but also to limit the influence of negative changes of saliva.

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Title: Oral findings in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome
Authors: Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk
Emil Korporowicz
Dariusz Gozdowski
Agnieszka Lecka-Ambroziak
Mieczysław Szalecki
Publication date: 01-03-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 3/2019
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2559-y

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Oral findings in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Clinical relevance

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Clinical relevance

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