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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Research article

Optimal dietary patterns designed from local foods to achieve maternal nutritional goals

Authors: Jofrey Raymond, Neema Kassim, Jerman W. Rose, Morris Agaba

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Background

Achieving nutritional requirements for pregnant and lactating mothers in rural households while maintaining the intake of local and culture-specific foods can be a difficult task. Deploying a linear goal programming approach can effectively generate optimal dietary patterns that incorporate local and culturally acceptable diets. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether a realistic and affordable diet that achieves nutritional goals for rural pregnant and lactating women can be formulated from locally available foods in Tanzania.

Methods

A cross sectional study was conducted to assess dietary intakes of 150 pregnant and lactating women using a weighed dietary record (WDR), 24 h dietary recalls and a 7-days food record. A market survey was also carried out to estimate the cost per 100 g of edible portion of foods that are frequently consumed in the study population. Dietary survey and market data were then used to define linear programming (LP) model parameters for diet optimisation. All LP analyses were done using linear program solver to generate optimal dietary patterns.

Results

Our findings showed that optimal dietary patterns designed from locally available foods would improve dietary adequacy for 15 and 19 selected nutrients in pregnant and lactating women, respectively, but inadequacies remained for iron, zinc, folate, pantothenic acid, and vitamin E, indicating that these are problem nutrients (nutrients that did not achieve 100% of their RNIs in optimised diets) in the study population.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that optimal use of local foods can improve dietary adequacy for rural pregnant and lactating women aged 19–50 years. However, additional cost-effective interventions are needed to ensure adequate intakes for the identified problem nutrients.
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Metadata
Title
Optimal dietary patterns designed from local foods to achieve maternal nutritional goals
Authors
Jofrey Raymond
Neema Kassim
Jerman W. Rose
Morris Agaba
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5369-x

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