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European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery
Published in: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 6/2022

25-05-2022 | Opioids | Original Article

Accelerated wound healing and its promoting effects of topical codeine on the healing of full-thickness cutaneous wound, evidences for modulating cytokines involved in pain, inflammation and collagen biosynthesis

Authors: Zhila Mahmoudi, Mohammad Reza Farahpour

Published in: European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery | Issue 6/2022

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Abstract

Introduction

The inflammation and pain occur in all the wounds. Opioids drugs decrease pain and may act as an anti-inflammation. The current study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of the topical uses of Codeine on full-thickness excision wound models by focusing on relationship between pain mediators, inflammation and wound healing rate.

Methods

Following the induction of anesthesia, a skin wound with a size of 7-mm punch was induced on the dorsal surfaces of each mouse. The mice were divided into five categories: groups I–III were daily administered 2.5%, 5%, and 10% Codeine gel; those in group IV were administered phenytoin cream, and group V (controls) received base ointment. To assess the effects of Codeine gel on the wound healing process, the wound area, histological parameters, and the relative protein expression of CXCR1, CXCR2, IL-6, IL-6R, PDGF, PDGFR, and COL1A along with the plasma concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α were investigated on days 3, 7, and 14.

Results

On days 7 and 14, the wound area was significantly lower in the treated mice compared to the controls (P < 0.05). Angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and epithelium thickness were significantly higher in the treatment groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The relative protein expressions of CXCR1, CXCR2, IL-6, and IL-6R and the plasma concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly lower in the treated groups. Meanwhile, the relative protein expressions of PDGF, PDGFR, and COL1A and the plasma concentration of IL-10 were significantly higher in the treated mice (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Administration of Codeine gel accelerated wound healing through decreasing the pain mediators, inflammation and promoting proliferative phase.
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Metadata
Title
Accelerated wound healing and its promoting effects of topical codeine on the healing of full-thickness cutaneous wound, evidences for modulating cytokines involved in pain, inflammation and collagen biosynthesis
Authors
Zhila Mahmoudi
Mohammad Reza Farahpour
Publication date
25-05-2022
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery / Issue 6/2022
Print ISSN: 1863-9933
Electronic ISSN: 1863-9941
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-022-01999-8

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