Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2011

Open Access 01-12-2011 | Research article

Olive Oil effectively mitigates ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats

Authors: Nermine K Saleh, Hanan A Saleh

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2011

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Osteoporosis, a reduction in bone mineral density, represents the most common metabolic bone disease. Postmenopausal women are particularly susceptible to osteoporosis when their production of estrogen declines. For these women, fracture is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of olive oil supplementation against osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.

Methods

We studied adult female Wistar rats aged 12-14 months, divided into three groups: sham-operated control (SHAM), ovariectomized (OVX), and ovariectomized rats supplemented with extravirgin olive oil (Olive-OVX) orally for 12 weeks; 4 weeks before ovariectomy and 8 weeks after. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected. Plasma levels of calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitrates were assayed. Specimens from both the tibia and the liver were processed for light microscopic examination. Histomorphometric analysis of the tibia was also performed.

Results

The OVX-rats showed a significant decrease in plasma calcium levels, and a significant increase in plasma ALP, MDA, and nitrates levels. These changes were attenuated by olive oil supplementation in the Olive-OVX rats. Light microscopic examination of the tibia of the OVX rats revealed a significant decrease in the cortical bone thickness (CBT) and the trabecular bone thickness (TBT). In addition, there was a significant increase in the osteoclast number denoting bone resorption. In the Olive-OVX rats these parameters were markedly improved as compared to the OVX group. Examination of the liver specimens revealed mononuclear cellular infiltration in the portal areas in the OVX-rats which was not detected in the Olive-OVX rats.

Conclusions

Olive oil effectively mitigated ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats, and is a promising candidate for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Hidaka S, Okamoto Y, Uchiyama S, Nakatsuma A, Hashimoto K, Ohnishi ST, Yamaguchi M: Royal jelly prevents osteoporosis in rats: beneficial effects in ovariectomy model and in bone tissue culture model. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2006, 3: 339-348. 10.1093/ecam/nel019.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
Potu BK, Rao MS, Nampurath GK, Chamallamudi MR, Prasad K, Nayak SR, Dharmavarapu PK, Kedage V, Bhat KM: Evidence-based assessment of antiosteoporotic activity of petroleum-ether extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. Ups J Med Sci. 2009, 114: 140-148. 10.1080/03009730902891784.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
Das UN: Nitric oxide as the mediator of the antiosteoporotic actions of estrogen, statins, and essential fatty acids. Exp Biol Med. 2002, 227: 88-93.
4.
Cicerale S, Lucas L, Keast R: Biological activities of phenolic compounds present in virgin olive oil. Int J Mol Sci. 2010, 11: 458-479. 10.3390/ijms11020458.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
5.
Ohtani J, Hernandez RA, Sunagawa H, Fujita T, Kawata T, Kaku M, Motokawa M, Tsuka N, Koseki H, Matsuda Y, Hayashi H, Abedini S, Tanne K: A newly developed snack effective for enhancing bone volume. Nutr J. 2009, 3: 8-30.
6.
Saleh NK, Saleh HA: Olive oil improved the impairment of in vitro insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by diaphragm in ovariectomized female Wistar rats. Exp Gerontol. 2010, 45: 964-969. 10.1016/j.exger.2010.08.015.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Draper HH, Hadley M: Malondialdehyde determination as index of lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol. 1990, 186: 421-431. full_text.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Bories PN, Bories C: Nitrate determination in biological fluids by an enzymatic one-step assay with nitrate reductase. Clin Chem. 1995, 41: 904-907.PubMed
9.
Bancroft JD, Gamble M: Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. 2002, London (UK), Churchill Livingstone, fifth
10.
Mocetti P, Ballanti P, Zalzal S, Silvestrini G, Bonucci E, Nanci A: A histomorphometric, structural, and immunocytochemical study of the effects of diet-induced hypocalcemia on bone in growing rats. J Histochem Cytochem. 2000, 48: 1059-1078.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Goss PE, Qi S, Cheung AM, Hu H, Mendes M, Pritzker KP: Effects of the steroidal aromatase inhibitor exemestane and the nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor letrozole on bone and lipid metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Clin Cancer Res. 2004, 10: 5717-5723. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0438.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Grassi F, Fan X, Rahnert J, Weitzmann MN, Pacifici R, Nanes MS, Rubin J: Bone re/modeling is more dynamic in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase(-/-) mouse. Endocrinology. 2006, 147: 4392-4399. 10.1210/en.2006-0334.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Rogers NH, Perfield JW, Strissel KJ, Obin MS, Greenberg AS: Reduced energy expenditure and increased inflammation are early events in the development of ovariectomy-induced obesity. Endocrinology. 2009, 150: 2161-2168. 10.1210/en.2008-1405.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
Nakchbandi IA, van der Merwe SW: Current understanding of osteoporosis associated with liver disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009, 6: 660-670. 10.1038/nrgastro.2009.166.CrossRefPubMed
15.
16.
Sánchez-Rodríguez MA, Ruiz-Ramos M, Correa-Muñoz E, Mendoza-Núñez VM: Oxidative stress as a risk factor for osteoporosis in elderly Mexicans as characterized by antioxidant enzymes. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2007, 8: 124-CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
Sheweita SA, Khoshhal KI: Calcium metabolism and oxidative stress in bone fractures: role of antioxidants. Curr Drug Metab. 2007, 8: 519-525. 10.2174/138920007780866852.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Mattix Kramer HJ, Grodstein F, Stampfer MJ, Curhan GC: Menopause and postmenopausal hormone use and risk of incident kidney stones. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003, 14: 1272-1277. 10.1097/01.ASN.0000060682.25472.C3.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Heaney RP, Recker RR, Stegman MR, Moy AJ: Calcium absorption in women: Relationships to calcium intake, estrogen status and age. J Bone Miner Res. 1989, 4: 469-475. 10.1002/jbmr.5650040404.CrossRefPubMed
20.
21.
Gennari C, Agnusdei D, Nardi P, Civitelli R: Estrogen preserves a normal intestinal responsiveness to 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 in oophorectomised women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990, 71: 1288-1293. 10.1210/jcem-71-5-1288.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Dick IM, Devine A, Beilby J, Prince RL: Effects of endogenous estrogen on renal calcium and phosphate handling in elderly women. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2005, 288: 430-435. 10.1152/ajpendo.00140.2004.CrossRef
23.
Lee GS, Lee KY, Choi KC, Ryu YH, Paik SG, Oh GT, Jeung EB: Aromatase deficiency induces urinary calcium loss. J Bone Miner Res. 2007, 22: 1968-1978. 10.1359/jbmr.070801.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Campos MS, López-Aliaga I, Barrionuevo M, Lisbona F, Coves F: Nutritive utilization of calcium in rats: effects of dietary fat components and vitamin D3 on intestinal resected rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. 1989, 35: 511-521.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Claassen N, Potgieter HC, Seppa M, Vermaak WJ, Coetzer H, Van Papendorp DH, Kruger MC: Supplemented gamma-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid influence bone status in young male rats: effects on free urinary collagen crosslinks, total urinary hydroxyproline, and bone calcium content. Bone. 1995, 16: 385S-392S. 10.1016/S8756-3282(95)80481-1.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Trichopoulou A, Georgiou E, Bassiakos Y, Lipworth L, Lagiou P, Proukakis C, Trichopoulos D: Energy intake and monounsaturated fat in relation to bone mineral density among women and men in Greece. Prev Med. 1997, 26: 395-400. 10.1006/pmed.1997.0160.CrossRefPubMed
27.
28.
29.
30.
Moreno JJ, Carbonell T, Sánchez T, Miret S, Mitjavila MT: Olive oil decreases both oxidative stress and the production of arachidonic acid metabolites by the prostaglandin G/H synthase pathway in rat macrophages. J Nutr. 2001, 131: 2145-2149.PubMed
31.
González-Correa JA, Muñoz-Marín J, Arrebola MM, Guerrero A, Narbona F, López-Villodres JA, De La Cruz JP: Dietary virgin olive oil reduces oxidative stress and cellular damage in rat brain slices subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation. Lipids. 2007, 42: 921-929.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Olive Oil effectively mitigates ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats
Authors
Nermine K Saleh
Hanan A Saleh
Publication date
01-12-2011
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2011
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-11-10

Other articles of this Issue 1/2011

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2011 Go to the issue

Research article

Safety and effects of two mistletoe preparations on production of Interleukin-6 and other immune parameters - a placebo controlled clinical trial in healthy subjects

Research article

High catechin concentrations detected in Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) by high performance liquid chromatography analysis

Research article

Enhancement of antimicrobial activities of whole and sub-fractionated white tea by addition of copper (II) sulphate and vitamin C against Staphylococcus aureus; a mechanistic approach

Research article

Evaluation of Abelmoschus moschatus extracts for antioxidant, free radical scavenging, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities using in vitro assays

Research article

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activity of the lichens Cladonia furcata, Lecanora atra and Lecanora muralis

Research article

Evaluation of free-radical quenching properties of standard Ayurvedic formulation Vayasthapana Rasayana