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BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2022

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Obesity | Research

Obesity is negatively associated with dental caries among children and adolescents in Huizhou: a cross-sectional study

Authors: Rou Shi, Chunwen Lin, Shu Li, Linling Deng, Zhan Lin, Liangchang Xiu

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Background

Obesity and dental caries among children and adolescents are growing worldwide public health problems. They share some common and modifiable influences. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and dental caries among children and adolescents in Huizhou and explore the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) category and dental caries.

Methods

This cross-sectional study enrolled 105,181 students (55,500 males and 49,681 females) from 87 schools in Huizhou. Height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated. Based on Chinese BMI standards, students were classified into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity groups. Dental caries was diagnosed according to criteria recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). We used the Chi-square test to compare proportions of groups and performed Association Rules Mining to identify patterns and combinations of BMI categories and dental caries. Finally, a multilevel logistic regression model was applied to analyze the association between BMI category and dental caries when confounders were considered.

Results

The prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity among children and adolescents was 7.56%, 8.85%, and 2.95%, respectively. The overall prevalence of dental caries was 58.10%, with a lower prevalence among boys than girls. Students from primary schools and remote towns more easily suffer from dental caries. Caries prevalence of students belonged to underweight, normal, overweight, and obesity was 65.6%, 58.8%, 49.6%, and 46.1% individually. With increasing BMI levels, the prevalence of dental caries decreased. Further, this trend still exists in each subgroup of gender, educational stage, school type, and area. Association rules indicate underweight has a positive effect on the occurrence of dental caries, while overweight or obesity has a negative impact on the occurrence of dental caries. The three-level logistic regression model results show that BMI category is inversely associated with dental caries after adjusting confounders.

Conclusion

Obesity is negatively associated with dental caries among children and adolescents in Huizhou. Further research is required to investigate how dietary habits, oral hygiene habits, and parental socioeconomic status mediate the association between BMI and dental caries.
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Metadata
Title
Obesity is negatively associated with dental caries among children and adolescents in Huizhou: a cross-sectional study
Authors
Rou Shi
Chunwen Lin
Shu Li
Linling Deng
Zhan Lin
Liangchang Xiu
Publication date
01-12-2022
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02105-5

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