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Current Osteoporosis Reports
Published in: Current Osteoporosis Reports 6/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Obesity | Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue (G Duque and B Lecka-Czernik, Section Editors)

Insulin Signaling in Bone Marrow Adipocytes

Authors: Michaela Tencerova, Meshail Okla, Moustapha Kassem

Published in: Current Osteoporosis Reports | Issue 6/2019

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The goal of this review is to discuss the role of insulin signaling in bone marrow adipocyte formation, metabolic function, and its contribution to cellular senescence in relation to metabolic bone diseases.

Recent Findings

Insulin signaling is an evolutionally conserved signaling pathway that plays a critical role in the regulation of metabolism and longevity. Bone is an insulin-responsive organ that plays a role in whole body energy metabolism. Metabolic disturbances associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes increase a risk of fragility fractures along with increased bone marrow adiposity. In obesity, there is impaired insulin signaling in peripheral tissues leading to insulin resistance. However, insulin signaling is maintained in bone marrow microenvironment leading to hypermetabolic state of bone marrow stromal (skeletal) stem cells associated with accelerated senescence and accumulation of bone marrow adipocytes in obesity.

Summary

This review summarizes current findings on insulin signaling in bone marrow adipocytes and bone marrow stromal (skeletal) stem cells and its importance for bone and fat metabolism. Moreover, it points out to the existence of differences between bone marrow and peripheral fat metabolism which may be relevant for developing therapeutic strategies for treatment of metabolic bone diseases.
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Metadata
Title
Insulin Signaling in Bone Marrow Adipocytes
Authors
Michaela Tencerova
Meshail Okla
Moustapha Kassem
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Osteoporosis Reports / Issue 6/2019
Print ISSN: 1544-1873
Electronic ISSN: 1544-2241
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-019-00552-8

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