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Journal of Cancer Survivorship

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Open Access 01-10-2020 | Nutrition | Review

Physical activity and nutrition interventions for older adults with cancer: a systematic review

Authors: Cynthia C. Forbes, Flavia Swan, Sarah L. Greenley, Michael Lind, Miriam J. Johnson

Published in: Journal of Cancer Survivorship | Issue 5/2020

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this review was to summarize the current literature for the effectiveness of activity and nutritional based interventions on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults living with and beyond cancer (LWBC).

Methods

We conducted systematic structured searches of CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL databases, and bibliographic review. Two independent researchers selected against inclusion criteria: (1) lifestyle nutrition and/or activity intervention for people with any cancer diagnosis, (2) measured HRQoL, (3) all participants over 60 years of age and (4) randomized controlled trials.

Results

Searches identified 5179 titles; 114 articles had full text review, with 14 studies (participant n = 1660) included. Three had nutrition and activity components, one, nutrition only and ten, activity only. Duration ranged from 7 days to 1 year. Interventions varied from intensive daily prehabilitation to home-based gardening interventions. Studies investigated various HRQoL outcomes including fatigue, general and cancer-specific quality of life (QoL), distress, depression, global side-effect burden and physical functioning. Eight studies reported significant intervention improvements in one or more QoL measure. Seven studies reported using a psychosocial/theoretical framework. There is a gap in tailored nutrition advice.

Conclusions

Among the few studies that targeted older adults with cancer, most were activity-based programmes with half reporting improvements in QoL. Future research should focus on or include tailored nutrition components and consider appropriate behaviour change techniques to maximize potential QoL improvement.

Implications for Cancer Survivors

More research is needed to address the research gap regarding older adults as current recommendations are derived from younger populations.

Available only for authorised users

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Title: Physical activity and nutrition interventions for older adults with cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Cynthia C. Forbes
Flavia Swan
Sarah L. Greenley
Michael Lind
Miriam J. Johnson
Publication date: 01-10-2020
Publisher: Springer US
Keyword: Nutrition
Published in: Journal of Cancer Survivorship / Issue 5/2020
Print ISSN: 1932-2259
Electronic ISSN: 1932-2267
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-020-00883-x

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Other articles of this Issue 5/2020

The experience of outdoor physical activity for skin cancer survivors: understanding the importance of the built and natural environments

Relationship of menopausal symptoms and ovarian reserve in reproductive-aged cancer survivors

Influence of provider recommendations to restart vaccines after childhood cancer on caregiver intention to vaccinate

Quality of life and the negative impact of comorbidities in long-term colorectal cancer survivors: a population-based comparison

Online physical activity and sedentary behaviour information for cancer survivors

The Dutch LATER physical outcomes set for self-reported data in survivors of childhood cancer

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer