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Published in: Archives of Osteoporosis 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Nutrition | Original Article

Differential association of dietary fat intake with DXA-based estimates of bone strength according to sex in the KNHANES IV population

Authors: Hyeonmok Kim, Sun Hee Beom, Seung Hun Lee, Jung-Min Koh, Beom-Jun Kim, Tae Ho Kim

Published in: Archives of Osteoporosis | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Summary

The higher the dietary fat intake is in men, the worse their bone strength. By contrast, in women, both low and high fat intakes have negative impacts on bone strength. Dietary fat intake may be a modifiable factor affecting bone health, but this needs to be reconfirmed in further studies.

Purpose

Despite the general belief that higher fat intake may be harmful for bone health, its impact on bone strength has not been thoroughly studied.

Methods

We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study derived from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, including 2590 participants. Composite indices of femoral neck strength, such as the compression strength index (CSI), bending strength index (BSI), and impact strength index (ISI), were generated by combining bone mineral density, weight, and height with the femoral axis length and width. Nutritional status was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall questionnaire.

Results

Dietary fat intake (%: energy from fat intake/total energy intake × 100) was inversely related to CSI and ISI in men, but not in women. Men in the highest three fat intake quintiles had lower CSI, BSI, and/or ISI than those in the lowest quintile (P = 0.003–0.041). In women, compared with participants in the third fat intake quintile, those in the other four quintiles had lower CSI, BSI, and/or ISI (P = 0.004–0.049). When participants were allocated to three groups according to the dietary reference intake of fat in Koreans [low (< 15%), moderate (15–30%), or high (≥ 30%)], men with a moderate or high fat intake had significantly lower ISIs than those with a low fat intake (P = 0.045 and 0.040, respectively). By contrast, compared with women consuming a moderate amount of fat, those with a high intake had lower CSI, BSI, and ISI (P = 0.024–0.048).

Conclusion

Higher fat intake in men may contribute to deteriorations in bone strength. However, this finding and the observed sex differences need to be reconfirmed using established methods for assessment of dietary intake other than the 24-h dietary recall method employed in this study.
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Metadata
Title
Differential association of dietary fat intake with DXA-based estimates of bone strength according to sex in the KNHANES IV population
Authors
Hyeonmok Kim
Sun Hee Beom
Seung Hun Lee
Jung-Min Koh
Beom-Jun Kim
Tae Ho Kim
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
Springer London
Keyword
Nutrition
Published in
Archives of Osteoporosis / Issue 1/2020
Print ISSN: 1862-3522
Electronic ISSN: 1862-3514
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-020-00737-0

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