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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
Published in: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 12/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Original Article

NOViSE: a virtual natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery simulator

Authors: Przemyslaw Korzeniowski, Alastair Barrow, Mikael H. Sodergren, Niels Hald, Fernando Bello

Published in: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery | Issue 12/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is a novel technique in minimally invasive surgery whereby a flexible endoscope is inserted via a natural orifice to gain access to the abdominal cavity, leaving no external scars. This innovative use of flexible endoscopy creates many new challenges and is associated with a steep learning curve for clinicians.

Methods

We developed NOViSE—the first force-feedback-enabled virtual reality simulator for NOTES training supporting a flexible endoscope. The haptic device is custom-built, and the behaviour of the virtual flexible endoscope is based on an established theoretical framework—the Cosserat theory of elastic rods.

Results

We present the application of NOViSE to the simulation of a hybrid trans-gastric cholecystectomy procedure. Preliminary results of face, content and construct validation have previously shown that NOViSE delivers the required level of realism for training of endoscopic manipulation skills specific to NOTES.

Conclusions

VR simulation of NOTES procedures can contribute to surgical training and improve the educational experience without putting patients at risk, raising ethical issues or requiring expensive animal or cadaver facilities. In the context of an experimental technique, NOViSE could potentially facilitate NOTES development and contribute to its wider use by keeping practitioners up to date with this novel surgical technique. NOViSE is a first prototype, and the initial results indicate that it provides promising foundations for further development.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
NOViSE: a virtual natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery simulator
Authors
Przemyslaw Korzeniowski
Alastair Barrow
Mikael H. Sodergren
Niels Hald
Fernando Bello
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery / Issue 12/2016
Print ISSN: 1861-6410
Electronic ISSN: 1861-6429
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-016-1401-8

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