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Open Access 01-12-2023 | Research

Non-invasive detection of early microvascular changes in juveniles with type 1 diabetes

Authors: Klaudia Bogusz-Górna, Adriana Polańska, Aleksandra Dańczak-Pazdrowska, Ryszard Żaba, Marta Sumińska, Piotr Fichna, Andrzej Kędzia

Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology | Issue 1/2023

Abstract

Aims/Hypothesis

The study aimed to assess the usefulness of capillaroscopy and photoplethysmography in the search for early vascular anomalies in children with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

One hundred sixty children and adolescents aged 6–18, 125 patients with type 1 diabetes, and 35 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. We performed a detailed clinical evaluation, anthropometric measurements, nailfold capillaroscopy, and photoplethysmography.

Results

Patients with diabetes had more often abnormal morphology in capillaroscopy (68.60%, p = 0.019), enlarged capillaries (32.6%, p = 0.006), and more often more over five meandering capillaries (20.90%, p = 0.026) compared to healthy controls. Meandering capillaries correlated with higher parameters of nutritional status. In a photoplethysmography, patients with diagnosed neuropathy had a higher percentage of flow disturbance curves (p < 0.001) with a reduced frequency of normal curves (p = 0.050).

Conclusions

Capillaroscopic and photoplethysmographic examinations are non-invasive, painless, fast, and inexpensive. They are devoid of side effects, and there are no limitations in the frequency of their use and repetition. The usefulness of capillaroscopy and photoplethysmography in the study of microcirculation in diabetic patients indicates the vast application possibilities of these methods in clinical practice.

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Title: Non-invasive detection of early microvascular changes in juveniles with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Klaudia Bogusz-Górna
Adriana Polańska
Aleksandra Dańczak-Pazdrowska
Ryszard Żaba
Marta Sumińska
Piotr Fichna
Andrzej Kędzia
Publication date: 01-12-2023
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2840
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-02031-y

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