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Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Published in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 1/2008

01-01-2008 | Letter

Nipple Reconstruction Using the Free Transfer of a Previously Reconstructed Nipple

Authors: Robert H. Caulfield, Atoussa Maleki-Tabrizi, Venkat Ramakrishnan

Published in: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery | Issue 1/2008

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Excerpt

Nipple reconstruction is regarded by both patient and surgeon alike as the final end point of breast reconstruction, and many techniques exist for reconstructing a nipple using various local flaps [1‐4]. Many of these reconstructed nipples show loss of projection and volume after a number of months [5‐7], leaving the surgeon with the difficult problem of a secondary reconstruction in the presence of local scarring and a lack of adjacent normal skin for local flap techniques. …
Literature
1.
Thomas SV, Gellis MB, Pool R (1996) Nipple reconstruction with a new local tissue flap. Plast Reconstr Surg 97:1053–1056PubMedCrossRef
2.
Yamamoto Y, et al. (2001) Two innovations of the star flap technique for nipple reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg 54:723–726PubMedCrossRef
3.
Guerra AB, Khoobehi K, Metzinger SE, Allen RJ (2003) New technique for nipple areola reconstruction: Arrow flap and rib cartilage graft for long-lasting nipple projection. Ann Plast Surg 50:31–37PubMedCrossRef
4.
Hamori CA, LaRossa D (1998) The top hat flap: For one-stage reconstruction of a prominent nipple. Aesth Plast Surg 22:142–144CrossRef
5.
Shestak KC, Gabriel A, Landecker A, Peters S, Shestak A, Kim J (2002) Assessment of long-term nipple projection: A comparison of three techniques. Plast Reconstr Surg 110:780PubMedCrossRef
6.
Losken A, Mackay GJ, Bostwick J III (2001) Nipple reconstruction using the C-V flap technique: A long-term evaluation. Plast Reconstr Surg 108:361–369PubMedCrossRef
7.
Banducci DR, Le TK, Hughes KC (1999) Long-term follow-up of a modified Anton-Hartrampf nipple reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg 43:467–469PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Nipple Reconstruction Using the Free Transfer of a Previously Reconstructed Nipple
Authors
Robert H. Caulfield
Atoussa Maleki-Tabrizi
Venkat Ramakrishnan
Publication date
01-01-2008
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery / Issue 1/2008
Print ISSN: 0364-216X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-5241
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-007-9001-1

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