Top

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Nerve Block | Research

Reduction of the onset response in kilohertz frequency alternating current nerve block with amplitude ramps from non-zero amplitudes

Authors: T. L. Vrabec, T. E. Eggers, E. L. Foldes, D. M. Ackermann, K. L. Kilgore, N. Bhadra

Published in: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation | Issue 1/2019

Abstract

Background

Kilohertz frequency alternating current (KHFAC) waveforms reversibly block conduction in mammalian peripheral nerves. The initiation of the KHFAC produces nerve activation, called the onset response, before complete block occurs. An amplitude ramp, starting from zero amplitude, is ineffective in eliminating this onset activity. We postulated that initiating the ramp from a non-zero amplitude would produce a different effect on the onset.

Methods

Experiments were conducted in an in vivo rat model. KHFAC was applied at supra block threshold amplitudes and then reduced to a lower sub block amplitude (25, 50, 75 and 90% of the block threshold amplitude). The amplitude was then increased again to the original supra block threshold amplitude with an amplitude ramp. This ramp time was varied for each of the amplitude levels tested.

Results

The amplitude ramp was successful in eliminating a second onset. This was always possible for the ramps up from 75 and 90% block threshold amplitude, usually from 50% but never from 25% of the block threshold amplitude.

Conclusions

This maneuver can potentially be used to initiate complete nerve block, transition to partial block and then resume complete block without producing further onset responses.

Woo MY, Campbell B. Asynchronous firing and block of peripheral nerve conduction by 20 kc alternating current. Bull Los Angel Neurol Soc. 1964;29:87–94.

Bowman BR, McNeal DR. Response of single alpha motoneurons to high-frequency pulse trains. Firing behavior and conduction block phenomenon. Appl Neurophysiol. 1986;49(3):121–38.PubMed

Kilgore KL, Bhadra N. Nerve conduction block utilising high-frequency alternating current. Medical & biological engineering & computing. 2004;42(3):394–406.CrossRef

Bhadra N, Kilgore KL. High-frequency electrical conduction block of mammalian peripheral motor nerve. Muscle Nerve. 2005;32(6):782–90.PubMedCrossRef

Williamson RP, Andrews BJ. Localized electrical nerve blocking. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2005;52(3):362–70.PubMedCrossRef

Tanner JA. Reversible blocking of nerve conduction by alternating current excitation. Nature. 1962;195:712–3.PubMedCrossRef

Jowett N, Kearney RE, Knox CJ, Hadlock TA. Toward the bionic face: a novel Neuroprosthetic device paradigm for facial reanimation consisting of neural blockade and functional electrical stimulation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019;143(1):62e–76e.PubMedCrossRef

Pikov V, Sridhar A, Lara HE. High-frequency electrical modulation of the superior ovarian nerve as a treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome in the rat. Front Physiol. 2018;9:459.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

Tiede J, Brown L, Gekht G, Vallejo R, Yearwood T, Morgan D. Novel spinal cord stimulation parameters in patients with predominant Back pain. Neuromodulation. 2013.

10.

Camilleri M, Toouli J, Herrera MF, Kulseng B, Kow L, Pantoja JP, et al. Intra-abdominal vagal blocking (VBLOC therapy): clinical results with a new implantable medical device. Surgery. 2008;143(6):723–31.PubMedCrossRef

11.

Soin A, editor. Long-Term Human Testing of High-Frequency Nerve Block for Amputation Pain. Las Vegas: 16th Annual Meeting North American Neuromodulation Society; 2012 December 6 to 9.

12.

Patel YA, Butera RJ. Differential fiber-specific block of nerve conduction in mammalian peripheral nerves using kilohertz electrical stimulation. J Neurophysiol. 2015;113(10):3923–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

13.

Zhang X, Roppolo JR, de Groat WC, Tai C. Mechanism of nerve conduction block induced by high-frequency biphasic electrical currents. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2006;53(12 Pt 1):2445–54.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

14.

Bhadra N, Lahowetz EA, Foldes ST, Kilgore KL. Simulation of high-frequency sinusoidal electrical block of mammalian myelinated axons. J Comput Neurosci. 2007;22(3):313–26.PubMedCrossRef

15.

Ackermann DM Jr, Bhadra N, Foldes EL, Wang XF, Kilgore KL. Effect of nerve cuff electrode geometry on onset response firing in high-frequency nerve conduction block. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2010;18(6):658–65.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

16.

Ackermann DM, Jr., Foldes EL, Bhadra N, Kilgore KL. Effect of bipolar cuff electrode design on block thresholds in high-frequency electrical neural conduction block. IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering: a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 2009;17(5):469–477.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

17.

Ackermann DM Jr, Bhadra N, Foldes EL, Kilgore KL. Conduction block of whole nerve without onset firing using combined high frequency and direct current. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2011;49(2):241–51.PubMedCrossRef

18.

Gerges M, Foldes EL, Ackermann DM, Bhadra N, Bhadra N, Kilgore KL. Frequency- and amplitude-transitioned waveforms mitigate the onset response in high-frequency nerve block. J Neural Eng. 2010;7(6):066003.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

19.

Miles JD, Kilgore KL, Bhadra N, Lahowetz EA. Effects of ramped amplitude waveforms on the onset response of high-frequency mammalian nerve block. J Neural Eng. 2007;4(4):390–8.PubMedCrossRef

20.

Bhadra N, Foldes EL, Ackermann D, Kilgore KL. Reduction of the onset response in high frequency nerve block with amplitude ramps from non-zero amplitudes. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2009;2009:650–3.PubMed

21.

Foldes EL, Ackermann DM, Bhadra N, Kilgore KL, Bhadra N. Design, fabrication and evaluation of a conforming circumpolar peripheral nerve cuff electrode for acute experimental use. J Neurosci Methods. 2011;196(1):31–7.PubMedCrossRef

22.

Roldan LM, Eggers TE, Kilgore KL, Bhadra N, Vrabec T, Bhadra N. Measurement of block thresholds in kiloHertz frequency alternating current peripheral nerve block. J Neurosci Methods. 2019;315:48–54.PubMedCrossRef

23.

Franke M, Bhadra N, Bhadra N, Kilgore K. Direct current contamination of kilohertz frequency alternating current waveforms. J Neurosci Methods. 2014;232:74–83.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

24.

Bhadra N, Vrabec T, Bhadra N, Kilgore KL, editors. Response of peripheral nerve to high frequency alternating current (HFAC) nerve block applied for long durations. Salt Lake City: Neural Interface Conference; 2012.

Title: Reduction of the onset response in kilohertz frequency alternating current nerve block with amplitude ramps from non-zero amplitudes
Authors: T. L. Vrabec
T. E. Eggers
E. L. Foldes
D. M. Ackermann
K. L. Kilgore
N. Bhadra
Publication date: 01-12-2019
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Nerve Block
Published in: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1743-0003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-019-0554-4

2024 ASCO Annual Meeting

Springer Medicine

Reduction of the onset response in kilohertz frequency alternating current nerve block with amplitude ramps from non-zero amplitudes

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

2024 ASCO Annual Meeting

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2019

Augmented feedback for powered wheelchair training in a virtual environment

Model for prompt and effective classification of motion recovery after stroke considering muscle strength and coordination factors

Robotic body weight support enables safe stair negotiation in compliance with basic locomotor principles

Visual attention, EEG alpha power and T7-Fz connectivity are implicated in prosthetic hand control and can be optimized through gaze training

What is the impact of user affect on motor learning in virtual environments after stroke? A scoping review

Innervation zone distribution of the biceps brachii muscle examined using voluntary and electrically-evoked high-density surface EMG