Top

Published in:

01-08-2011 | Original Article

Near infrared spectroscopy-derived interstitial hydrogen ion concentration and tissue oxygen saturation during ambulation

Authors: Stuart M. C. Lee, Mark S. F. Clarke, Daniel P. O’Connor, Leah Stroud, Gwenn E. C. Ellerby, Babs R. Soller

Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Issue 8/2011

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine whether walking and running at different treadmill speeds resulted in different metabolic and cardiovascular responses in the vastus lateralis (VL) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) by examining metabolite accumulation and tissue oxygen saturation. Ten healthy subjects (6 males, 4 females) completed a submaximal treadmill exercise test, beginning at 3.2 km h⁻¹ and increasing by 1.6 km h⁻¹ increments every 3 min until reaching 85% of age-predicted maximal heart rate. Muscle tissue oxygenation (SO₂), total hemoglobin (HbT) and interstitial hydrogen ion concentration ([H⁺]) were calculated from near infrared spectra collected from VL and LG. The [H⁺] threshold for each muscle was determined using a simultaneous bilinear regression. Muscle and treadmill speed effects were analyzed using a linear mixed model analysis. Paired t-tests were used to test for differences between muscles in the [H⁺] threshold. SO₂ decreased (P = 0.001) during running in the VL and LG, but the SO₂ response across treadmill speeds was different between muscles (P = 0.047). In both muscles, HbT and [H⁺] increased as treadmill speed increased (P < 0.001), but the response to exercise was not different between muscles. The [H⁺] threshold occurred at a lower whole-body VO₂ in the LG (1.22 ± 0.63 L min⁻¹) than in the VL (1.46 ± 0.58 L min⁻¹, P = 0.01). In conclusion, interstitial [H⁺] and SO₂ are aggregate measures of local metabolite production and the cardiovascular response. Inferred from simultaneous SO₂ and [H⁺] measures in the VL and LG muscles, muscle perfusion is well matched to VL and LG work during walking, but not running.

Andersen P, Saltin B (1985) Maximal perfusion of skeletal muscle in man. J Physiol 366(1):233–249PubMed

Beaver WL, Wasserman K, Whipp BJ (1986) A new method for detecting anaerobic threshold by gas exchange. J Appl Physiol 60(6):2020–2027PubMed

Bijker KE, de Groot G, Hollander AP (2002) Differences in leg muscle activity during running and cycling in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 87:556–561PubMedCrossRef

Binzoni T, Quaresima V, Barattelli G, Hiltbrand E, Gurke L, Terrier F, Cerretelli P, Ferrari M (1998) Energy metabolism and interstitial fluid displacement in human gastrocnemius during short ischemic cycles. J Appl Physiol 85:1244–1251PubMed

Binzoni T, Quaresima V, Ferrari M, Hiltbrand E, Cerretelli P (2000) Human calf microvascular compliance measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. J Appl Physiol 88(2):369–372PubMed

Bringard A, Denis R, Belluye N, Perrey S (2006) Effects of compression tights on calf muscle oxygenation and venous pooling during quiet resting in supine and standing positions. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 46:548–554PubMed

Chance B, Eleff S, Leigh JS Jr (1980) Noninvasive, nondestructive approaches to cell bioenergetics. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77:7430–7434PubMedCrossRef

Costes F, Prieur F, Feasson L, Geyssant A, Barthelemy JC, Denis C (2001) Influence of training on NIRS muscle oxygen saturation during submaximal exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33:1484–1489PubMedCrossRef

Costill DL, Jansson E, Gollnick PD, Saltin B (1974) Glycogen utilization in leg muscles of men during level and uphill running. Acta Physiol Scand 91:475–481PubMedCrossRef

Davis SL, Fadel PJ, Cui J, Thomas GD, Crandall CG (2006) Skin blood flow influences near-infrared spectroscopy-derived measurements of tissue oxygenation during heat stress. J Appl Physiol 100:221–224PubMedCrossRef

Delp MD (1998) Differential effects of training on the control of skeletal muscle perfusion. Med Sci Sports Exerc 30:361–374PubMed

Ellerby DJ, Henry HT, Carr JA, Buchanan CI, Marsh RL (2005) Blood flow in guinea fowl Numida meleagris as an indicator of energy expenditure by individual muscles during walking and running. J Physiol 564:631–648PubMedCrossRef

Fitts RH (1996) Cellular, molecular, and metabolic basis of muscle fatigue. In: Handbook of physiology. exercise: regulation and integration of multiple systems. The American Physiological Society, Bethesda, pp 1036–1074

Gregory CM, Vandenborne K, Dudley GA (2001) Metabolic enzymes and phenotypic expression among human locomotor muscles. Muscle Nerve 24:387–393PubMedCrossRef

Hachiya T, Blaber AP, Saito M (2008) Near-infrared spectroscopy provides an index of blood flow and vasoconstriction in calf skeletal muscle during lower body negative pressure. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 193:117–127CrossRef

Hamaoka T, McCully KK, Quaresima V, Yamamoto K, Chance B (2007) Near-infrared spectroscopy/imaging for monitoring muscle oxygenation and oxidative metabolism in healthy and diseased humans. J Biomed Opt 12:062105PubMedCrossRef

Hiroyuki H, Hamaoka T, Sako T, Nishio S, Kime R, Murakami M, Katsumura T (2002) Oxygenation in vastus lateralis and lateral head of gastrocnemius during treadmill walking and running in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 87:343–349PubMedCrossRef

Imadojemu VA, Lott ME, Gleeson K, Hogeman CS, Ray CA, Sinoway LI (2001) Contribution of perfusion pressure to vascular resistance response during head-up tilt. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 281:H371–H375PubMed

Joyner MJ, Coyle EF (2008) Endurance exercise performance: the physiology of champions. J Physiol 586:35–44PubMedCrossRef

Juel C (1996) Lactate/proton co-transport in skeletal muscle: regulation and importance for pH homeostasis. Acta Physiol Scand 156:369–374PubMedCrossRef

Juel C (1997) Lactate-proton cotransport in skeletal muscle. Physiol Rev 77:321–358PubMed

Kagaya A (1990) Levelling-off of calf blood flow during walking and running, and its relationship to anaerobic threshold. Ann Physiol Anthropol 9:219–224PubMed

Mancini DM, Bolinger L, Li H, Kendrick K, Chance B, Wilson JR (1994) Validation of near-infrared spectroscopy in humans. J Appl Physiol 77:2740–2747PubMed

Mann RA, Hagy J (1980) Biomechanics of walking, running, and sprinting. Am J Sports Med 8(5):345–350

Marcinek DJ, Amara CE, Matz K, Conley KE, Schenkman KA (2007) Wavelength shift analysis: a simple method to determine the contribution of hemoglobin and myoglobin to in vivo optical spectra. Appl Spectrosc 61:665–669PubMedCrossRef

McCully KK, Hamaoka T (2000) Near-infrared spectroscopy: what can it tell us about oxygen saturation in skeletal muscle? Exerc Sport Sci Rev 28:123–127PubMed

Muthalib M, Millet GY, Quaresima V, Nosaka K (2010) Reliability of near-infrared spectroscopy for measuring biceps brachii oxygenation during sustained and repeated isometric contractions. J Biomed Opt 15:017008PubMedCrossRef

Nakagawa Y, Hattori M (2002) Relationship between muscle buffering capacity and fiber type during anaerobic exercise in human. J Physiol Anthropol Appl Hum Sci 21:129–131CrossRef

Neptune RR, Sasaki K (2005) Ankle plantar flexor force production is an important determinant of the preferred walk-to-run transition speed. J Exp Biol 208:799–808PubMedCrossRef

Powers SK, Williams J (1987) Exercise-induced hypoxaemia in highly trained athletes. Sports Med 4:46–53PubMedCrossRef

Powers SK, Dodd S, Lawler J, Landry G, Kirtley M, McKnight T, Grinton S (1988) Incidence of exercise induced hypoxemia in elite endurance athletes at sea level. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 58:298–302PubMedCrossRef

Quaresima V, Franceschini MA, Fantini S, Gratton E, Ferrari M (1998) Difference in leg muscle oxygenation during treadmill exercise by a new near-infrared frequency-domain oximeter. Proc SPIE 3194:116–120CrossRef

Quaresima V, Komiyama T, Ferrari M (2002) Differences in oxygen re-saturation of thigh and calf muscles after two treadmill stress tests. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 132:67–73PubMedCrossRef

Sheriff D (2005) Point: The muscle pump raises muscle blood flow during locomotion. J Appl Physiol 99:371–372PubMedCrossRef

Snell PG, Martin WH, Buckey JC, Blomqvist CG (1987) Maximal vascular leg conductance in trained and untrained men. J Appl Physiol 62:606–610PubMed

Soller BR, Idwasi PO, Balaguer J, Levin S, Simsir SA, Vander Salm TJ, Collette H, Heard SO (2003) Noninvasive, near infrared spectroscopic-measured muscle pH and PO₂ indicate tissue perfusion for cardiac surgical patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Crit Care Med 31:2324–2331PubMedCrossRef

Soller BR, Yang Y, Lee SM, Wilson C, Hagan RD (2008) Noninvasive determination of exercise-induced hydrogen ion threshold through direct optical measurement. J Appl Physiol 104:837–844PubMedCrossRef

Soyemi O, Landry M, Yang Y, Soller BR (2005) Standardization method for correcting spectral differences across multiple units of a portable near infrared-based medical monitor. Proc SPIE 5702:135–142CrossRef

Street D, Bangsbo J, Juel C (2001) Interstitial pH in human skeletal muscle during and after dynamic graded exercise. J Physiol 537:993–998PubMedCrossRef

Sullivan MJ, Saltin B, Negro-Vilar R, Duscha BD, Charles HC (1994) Skeletal muscle pH assessed by biochemical and 31P-MRS methods during exercise and recovery in men. J Appl Physiol 77(5):2194–2200PubMed

van Beekvelt MC, van Engelen BG, Wevers RA, Colier WN (2002) In vivo quantitative near-infrared spectroscopy in skeletal muscle during incremental isometric handgrip exercise. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 22:210–217PubMedCrossRef

Weston AR, Wilson GR, Noakes TD, Myburgh KH (1996) Skeletal muscle buffering capacity is higher in the superficial vastus than in the soleus of spontaneously running rats. Acta Physiol Scand 157:211–216PubMedCrossRef

Whipp BJ, Davis JA, Torres F, Wasserman K (1981) A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise. J Appl Physiol 50:217–221PubMed

Wood RE, Stewart IB (2010) Can venous occlusion plethysmography be used to measure high rates of arterial inflow? Eur J Appl Physiol 108:239–245PubMedCrossRef

Yang Y, Landry MR, Soyemi OO, Shear MA, Anunciacion DS, Soller BR (2005) Simultaneous correction of the influence of skin color and fat on tissue spectroscopy by use of a two-distance fiber-optic probe and orthogonalization technique. Opt Lett 30:2269–2271PubMedCrossRef

Yang Y, Soyemi OO, Scott PJ, Landry MR, Lee SMC, Stroud L, Soller BR (2007) Quantitative measurement of muscle oxygen saturation using non-spatially resolved continuous-wave near infrared spectroscopy. Optics Express 15:13715–13730PubMedCrossRef

Zhang S, Soller BR, Micheels RH (1998) Partial least-squares modeling of near infrared reflectance data for noninvasive in vivo determination of deep tissue pH. Appl Spectrosc 52:400–406CrossRef

Title: Near infrared spectroscopy-derived interstitial hydrogen ion concentration and tissue oxygen saturation during ambulation
Authors: Stuart M. C. Lee
Mark S. F. Clarke
Daniel P. O’Connor
Leah Stroud
Gwenn E. C. Ellerby
Babs R. Soller
Publication date: 01-08-2011
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: European Journal of Applied Physiology / Issue 8/2011
Print ISSN: 1439-6319
Electronic ISSN: 1439-6327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1797-8

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Near infrared spectroscopy-derived interstitial hydrogen ion concentration and tissue oxygen saturation during ambulation

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 8/2011

Prediction of oxygen uptake during over-ground walking in people with and without Down syndrome

Exercise economy in African American and European American women

Optimal effort investment for overcoming the weakest point: new insights from a computational model of neuromuscular adaptation

Modulation of reflex responses in activated ankle dorsiflexors differs in healthy young and elderly subjects

Effect of sprint interval training on circulatory function during exercise in sedentary, overweight/obese women

The effect of a carbohydrate beverage on the physiological responses during prolonged load carriage