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Molecular Cancer
Published in: Molecular Cancer 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Review

Natural killer group 2D receptor and its ligands in cancer immune escape

Authors: Shixin Duan, Weihua Guo, Zuxing Xu, Yunbo He, Chuting Liang, Yongzhen Mo, Yian Wang, Fang Xiong, Can Guo, Yong Li, Xiaoling Li, Guiyuan Li, Zhaoyang Zeng, Wei Xiong, Fuyan Wang

Published in: Molecular Cancer | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

The immune system plays important roles in tumor development. According to the immune-editing theory, immune escape is the key to tumor survival, and exploring the mechanisms of tumor immune escape can provide a new basis for the treatment of tumors. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) receptor and NKG2D ligand (NKG2DL) in tumor immune responses.
Natural killer (NK) cells are important cytotoxic cells in the immune system, and the activated NKG2D receptor on the NK cell surface can bind to NKG2DL expressed in tumor cells, enabling NK cells to activate and kill tumor cells. However, tumors can escape the immune clearance mediated by NKG2D receptor/NKG2DL through various mechanisms. The expression of NKG2D receptor on NK cells can be regulated by cells, molecules, and hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor cells regulate the expression of NKG2DL at the level of transcription, translation, and post-translation and thereby escape recognition by NK cells. In particular, viruses and hormones have special mechanisms to affect the expression of NKG2D receptor and NKG2DL. Therefore, NKG2D\NKG2DL may have applications as targets for more effective antitumor therapy.
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Metadata
Title
Natural killer group 2D receptor and its ligands in cancer immune escape
Authors
Shixin Duan
Weihua Guo
Zuxing Xu
Yunbo He
Chuting Liang
Yongzhen Mo
Yian Wang
Fang Xiong
Can Guo
Yong Li
Xiaoling Li
Guiyuan Li
Zhaoyang Zeng
Wei Xiong
Fuyan Wang
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Cancer / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1476-4598
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-019-0956-8

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