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Open Access 01-12-2024 | Myocardial Infarction | Research

Sex-specific trends in incidence of first myocardial infarction among people with and without diabetes between 1985 and 2016 in a German region

Authors: Heiner Claessen, Maria Narres, Margit Heier, Tatjana Kvitkina, Birgit Linkohr, Georg Wolff, Michael Roden, Andrea Icks, Annette Peters

Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Background

The reduction of myocardial infarction (MI) and narrowing the gap between the populations with and without diabetes are important goals of diabetes care. We analyzed time trends for sex-specific incidence rates (IR) of first MI (both non-fatal MI and fatal MI) as well as separately for first non-fatal MI and fatal MI in the population with and without diabetes.

Methods

Using data from the KORA myocardial infarction registry (Augsburg, Germany), we estimated age-adjusted IR in people with and without diabetes, corresponding relative risks (RR), and time trends from 1985 to 2016 using Poisson regression.

Results

There were 19,683 people with first MI (34% fatal MI, 71% men, 30% with diabetes) between 1985 and 2016. In the entire study population, the IR of first MI decreased from 359 (95% CI: 345–374) to 236 (226–245) per 100,000 person years. In men with diabetes, IR decreased only in 2013–2016. This was due to first non-fatal MI, where IR in men with diabetes increased until 2009–2012, and slightly decreased in 2013–2016. Overall, fatal MI declined stronger than first non-fatal MI corresponding to IRs. The RR of first MI substantially increased among men from 1.40 (1.22–1.61) in 1985–1988 to 2.60 (2.26–2.99) in 1997–2000 and moderately decreased in 2013–2016: RR: 1.75 (1.47–2.09). Among women no consistent time trend for RR was observed. Time trends for RR were similar regarding first non-fatal MI and fatal MI.

Conclusions

Over the study period, we found a decreased incidence of first MI and fatal MI in the entire study population. The initial increase of first non-fatal MI in men with diabetes needs further research. The gap between populations with and without diabetes remained.

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Title: Sex-specific trends in incidence of first myocardial infarction among people with and without diabetes between 1985 and 2016 in a German region
Authors: Heiner Claessen
Maria Narres
Margit Heier
Tatjana Kvitkina
Birgit Linkohr
Georg Wolff
Michael Roden
Andrea Icks
Annette Peters
Publication date: 01-12-2024
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Myocardial Infarction
Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2840
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-024-02179-1

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