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Open Access 01-12-2013 | Study protocol

Multimodal neuroimaging of frontal white matter microstructure in early phase schizophrenia: the impact of early adolescent cannabis use

Authors: Denise Bernier, Jacob Cookey, David McAllindon, Robert Bartha, Christopher C Hanstock, Aaron J Newman, Sherry H Stewart, Philip G Tibbo

Published in: BMC Psychiatry | Issue 1/2013

Abstract

Background

A disturbance in connectivity between different brain regions, rather than abnormalities within the separate regions themselves, could be responsible for the clinical symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions observed in schizophrenia. White matter, which comprises axons and their myelin sheaths, provides the physical foundation for functional connectivity in the brain. Myelin sheaths are located around the axons and provide insulation through the lipid membranes of oligodendrocytes. Empirical data suggests oligodendroglial dysfunction in schizophrenia, based on findings of abnormal myelin maintenance and repair in regions of deep white matter. The aim of this in vivo neuroimaging project is to assess the impact of early adolescent onset of regular cannabis use on brain white matter tissue integrity, and to differentiate this impact from the white matter abnormalities associated with schizophrenia. The ultimate goal is to determine the liability of early adolescent use of cannabis on brain white matter, in a vulnerable brain.

Methods/Design

Young adults with schizophrenia at the early stage of the illness (less than 5 years since diagnosis) will be the focus of this project. Four magnetic resonance imaging measurements will be used to assess different cellular aspects of white matter: a) diffusion tensor imaging, b) localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy with a focus on the neurochemical N-acetylaspartate, c) the transverse relaxation time constants of regional tissue water, d) and of N-acetylaspartate. These four neuroimaging indices will be assessed within the same brain region of interest, that is, a large white matter fibre bundle located in the frontal region, the left superior longitudinal fasciculus.

Discussion

We will expand our knowledge regarding current theoretical models of schizophrenia with a more comprehensive multimodal neuroimaging approach to studying the underlying cellular abnormalities of white matter, while taking into consideration the important confounding variable of early adolescent onset of regular cannabis use.

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The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-244X/13/264/prepub

Title: Multimodal neuroimaging of frontal white matter microstructure in early phase schizophrenia: the impact of early adolescent cannabis use
Authors: Denise Bernier
Jacob Cookey
David McAllindon
Robert Bartha
Christopher C Hanstock
Aaron J Newman
Sherry H Stewart
Philip G Tibbo
Publication date: 01-12-2013
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Psychiatry / Issue 1/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-13-264

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Multimodal neuroimaging of frontal white matter microstructure in early phase schizophrenia: the impact of early adolescent cannabis use

Abstract

Background

Methods/Design

Discussion

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods/Design

Discussion

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