Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Current Psychiatry Reports 10/2023

17-08-2023 | Mood Disorders

Understanding and Addressing Mental Health Disorders: a Workplace Imperative

Authors: Danielle S. Taubman, Sagar V. Parikh

Published in: Current Psychiatry Reports | Issue 10/2023

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This article seeks to provide a broad overview of the workplace mental health literature, highlight practical implications of current research, and formulate key recommendations for stakeholders. Various aspects of disability related to mental health disorders, their associated financial costs, and the impact of stigma are covered. This article also discusses key strategies for assessing mental health problems among employees and reviews different types of interventions in the workplace.

Recent Findings

Workplace mental health is an evolving area, particularly in the wake of the pandemic. While established national workplace mental health standards do not currently exist, mental illness continues to have a severe impact on the health of organizations, employees, and the economy. Additional research is needed to fully understand and address the diversity of mental health needs among the broad range of employees and organizations across the USA.

Summary

Employers have a responsibility and an opportunity to create workplaces that support the whole person, not just the employee. While research in the area has increased in the last decade, there is still much to learn in terms of the most effective ways to support our workforce.
Literature
3.
go back to reference Whiteford HA, Degenhardt L, Rehm J, Baxter AJ, Ferrari AJ, Erskine HE, et al. Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2013;382(9904):1575–86.PubMedCrossRef Whiteford HA, Degenhardt L, Rehm J, Baxter AJ, Ferrari AJ, Erskine HE, et al. Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2013;382(9904):1575–86.PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Vos T, Lim SS, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasi M, Abbasifard M, et al. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. 2020;396(10258):1204–22.CrossRef Vos T, Lim SS, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasi M, Abbasifard M, et al. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. 2020;396(10258):1204–22.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Proudman D, Greenberg P, Nellesen D. The growing burden of major depressive disorders (MDD): Implications for researchers and policy makers. Pharmacoeconomics. 2021;39(6):619–25.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Proudman D, Greenberg P, Nellesen D. The growing burden of major depressive disorders (MDD): Implications for researchers and policy makers. Pharmacoeconomics. 2021;39(6):619–25.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables. Rockville, MD: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality; 2017. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables. Rockville, MD: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality; 2017.
11.
go back to reference Wulsin L, Alterman T, Bushnell PT, Li J, Shen R. Prevalence rates for depression by industry: A claims database analysis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2014;49(11):1805–21.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Wulsin L, Alterman T, Bushnell PT, Li J, Shen R. Prevalence rates for depression by industry: A claims database analysis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2014;49(11):1805–21.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Santomauro DF, Herrera AMM, Shadid J, Zheng P, Ashbaugh C, Pigott DM, et al. Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet. 2021;398(10312):1700–12.CrossRef Santomauro DF, Herrera AMM, Shadid J, Zheng P, Ashbaugh C, Pigott DM, et al. Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet. 2021;398(10312):1700–12.CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Batra K, Singh TP, Sharma M, Batra R, Schvaneveldt N. Investigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 among healthcare workers: A meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(23):E9096.CrossRef Batra K, Singh TP, Sharma M, Batra R, Schvaneveldt N. Investigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 among healthcare workers: A meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(23):E9096.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Sheehan KA, Schulz-Quach C, Ruttan LA, MacGillivray L, McKay MS, Seto A, et al. “Don’t Just Study our Distress, Do Something”: Implementing and evaluating a modified stepped-care model for health care worker mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Can J Psychiatry. 2023;68(1):43–53.PubMedCrossRef Sheehan KA, Schulz-Quach C, Ruttan LA, MacGillivray L, McKay MS, Seto A, et al. “Don’t Just Study our Distress, Do Something”: Implementing and evaluating a modified stepped-care model for health care worker mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Can J Psychiatry. 2023;68(1):43–53.PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Christensen MK, Lim CCW, Saha S, Plana-Ripoll O, Cannon D, Presley F, et al. The cost of mental disorders: A systematic review. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2020;18(29): e161.CrossRef Christensen MK, Lim CCW, Saha S, Plana-Ripoll O, Cannon D, Presley F, et al. The cost of mental disorders: A systematic review. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2020;18(29): e161.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference • Greenberg PE, Fournier AA, Sisitsky T, Simes M, Berman R, Koenigsberg SH, et al. The economic burden of adults with major depressive disorder in the United States (2010 and 2018). Pharmacoeconomics. 2021;39(6):653–65. This study reports the economic burden of adults with Major Depressive Disorder in 2018, with a focus on key changes between 2010 to 2018.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef • Greenberg PE, Fournier AA, Sisitsky T, Simes M, Berman R, Koenigsberg SH, et al. The economic burden of adults with major depressive disorder in the United States (2010 and 2018). Pharmacoeconomics. 2021;39(6):653–65. This study reports the economic burden of adults with Major Depressive Disorder in 2018, with a focus on key changes between 2010 to 2018.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Bloom D, Caifiero E, Jane-Llopis E, Abraham-Gessel S, Bloom L, Fathima S, et al. The global economic burden of non-communicable diseases. Geneva: World Economic Forum; 2011. Bloom D, Caifiero E, Jane-Llopis E, Abraham-Gessel S, Bloom L, Fathima S, et al. The global economic burden of non-communicable diseases. Geneva: World Economic Forum; 2011.
23.
go back to reference Konig H, Konig HH, Konnopka A. The excess costs of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2019;5(29): e30. Konig H, Konig HH, Konnopka A. The excess costs of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2019;5(29): e30.
24.
go back to reference Dewa CS, Lin E. Chronic physical illness, psychiatric disorder and disability in the workplace. Soc Sci Med. 2000;51(1):41–50.PubMedCrossRef Dewa CS, Lin E. Chronic physical illness, psychiatric disorder and disability in the workplace. Soc Sci Med. 2000;51(1):41–50.PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Bokma WA, Batelaan NM, van Balkom AJLM, Penninx BWJH. Impact of anxiety and/or depressive disorders and chronic somatic diseases on disability and work impairment. J Psychosom Res. 2017;94:10–6.PubMedCrossRef Bokma WA, Batelaan NM, van Balkom AJLM, Penninx BWJH. Impact of anxiety and/or depressive disorders and chronic somatic diseases on disability and work impairment. J Psychosom Res. 2017;94:10–6.PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Grzywacz J, Ettner SL. Lost time on the job: The effect of depression versus physical health conditions. The Economics of Neuroscience. 2000;2(6):41–6. Grzywacz J, Ettner SL. Lost time on the job: The effect of depression versus physical health conditions. The Economics of Neuroscience. 2000;2(6):41–6.
27.
go back to reference Hendriks SM, Spijker J, Licht CMM, Hardeveld F, de Graaf R, Batelaan NM, et al. Long-term work disability and absenteeism in anxiety and depressive disorders. J Affect Disord. 2015;1(178):121–30.CrossRef Hendriks SM, Spijker J, Licht CMM, Hardeveld F, de Graaf R, Batelaan NM, et al. Long-term work disability and absenteeism in anxiety and depressive disorders. J Affect Disord. 2015;1(178):121–30.CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Koretz D, Merikangas KR, et al. The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). JAMA. 2003;289(23):3095–105.PubMedCrossRef Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Koretz D, Merikangas KR, et al. The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). JAMA. 2003;289(23):3095–105.PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Lim D, Sanderson K, Andrews G. Lost productivity among full-time workers with mental disorders. J Ment Health Policy Econ. 2000;3(3):139–46.PubMedCrossRef Lim D, Sanderson K, Andrews G. Lost productivity among full-time workers with mental disorders. J Ment Health Policy Econ. 2000;3(3):139–46.PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Sanderson K, Andrews G. Common mental disorders in the workforce: Recent findings from descriptive and social epidemiology. Can J Psychiatry. 2006;51(2):63–75.PubMedCrossRef Sanderson K, Andrews G. Common mental disorders in the workforce: Recent findings from descriptive and social epidemiology. Can J Psychiatry. 2006;51(2):63–75.PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Evans-Lacko S, Knapp M. Global patterns of workplace productivity for people with depression: Absenteeism and presenteeism costs across eight diverse countries. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2016;51(11):1525–37.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Evans-Lacko S, Knapp M. Global patterns of workplace productivity for people with depression: Absenteeism and presenteeism costs across eight diverse countries. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2016;51(11):1525–37.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Schultz AB, Edington DW. Employee health and presenteeism: A systematic review. J Occup Rehabil. 2007;17(3):547–79.PubMedCrossRef Schultz AB, Edington DW. Employee health and presenteeism: A systematic review. J Occup Rehabil. 2007;17(3):547–79.PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Lerner D, Henke RM. What does research tell us about depression, job performance, and work productivity? J Occup Environ Med. 2008;50(4):401–10.PubMedCrossRef Lerner D, Henke RM. What does research tell us about depression, job performance, and work productivity? J Occup Environ Med. 2008;50(4):401–10.PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Theis KA, Roblin DW, Helmick CG, Luo R. Prevalence and causes of work disability among working-age U.S. adults, 2011–2013, NHIS. Disabil Health J. 2018;11(1):108–15. Theis KA, Roblin DW, Helmick CG, Luo R. Prevalence and causes of work disability among working-age U.S. adults, 2011–2013, NHIS. Disabil Health J. 2018;11(1):108–15.
35.
go back to reference Zaidel CS, Ethiraj RK, Berenji M, Gaspar FW. Health care expenditures and length of disability across medical conditions. J Occup Environ Med. 2018;60(7):631–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Zaidel CS, Ethiraj RK, Berenji M, Gaspar FW. Health care expenditures and length of disability across medical conditions. J Occup Environ Med. 2018;60(7):631–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
36.
37.
go back to reference Dewa CS, Chau N, Dermer S. Examining the comparative incidence and costs of physical and mental health-related disabilities in an employed population. J Occup Environ Med. 2010;52(7):758–62.PubMedCrossRef Dewa CS, Chau N, Dermer S. Examining the comparative incidence and costs of physical and mental health-related disabilities in an employed population. J Occup Environ Med. 2010;52(7):758–62.PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Brown J, Reetoo KN, Murray KJ, Thom W, B Macdonald E. The involvement of occupational health services prior to ill-health retirement in NHS staff in Scotland and predictors of re-employment. Occup Med (Lond). 2005 Aug;55(5):357–63. Brown J, Reetoo KN, Murray KJ, Thom W, B Macdonald E. The involvement of occupational health services prior to ill-health retirement in NHS staff in Scotland and predictors of re-employment. Occup Med (Lond). 2005 Aug;55(5):357–63.
40.
go back to reference Harkonmäki K, Lahelma E, Martikainen P, Rahkonen O, Silventoinen K. Mental health functioning (SF-36) and intentions to retire early among ageing municipal employees: The Helsinki Health Study. Scand J Public Health. 2006;34(2):190–8.PubMedCrossRef Harkonmäki K, Lahelma E, Martikainen P, Rahkonen O, Silventoinen K. Mental health functioning (SF-36) and intentions to retire early among ageing municipal employees: The Helsinki Health Study. Scand J Public Health. 2006;34(2):190–8.PubMedCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Karpansalo M, Kauhanen J, Lakka T, Manninen P, Kaplan G, Salonen J. Depression and early retirement: Prospective population based study in middle aged men. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005;59(1):70–4.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Karpansalo M, Kauhanen J, Lakka T, Manninen P, Kaplan G, Salonen J. Depression and early retirement: Prospective population based study in middle aged men. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005;59(1):70–4.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Doshi JA, Cen L, Polsky D. Depression and retirement in late middle-aged U.S. workers. Health Serv Res. 2008;43(2):693–713. Doshi JA, Cen L, Polsky D. Depression and retirement in late middle-aged U.S. workers. Health Serv Res. 2008;43(2):693–713.
43.
go back to reference Dewa CS, Hoch JS, Lin E, Paterson M, Goering P. Pattern of antidepressant use and duration of depression-related absence from work. Br J Psychiatry. 2003;183:507–13.PubMedCrossRef Dewa CS, Hoch JS, Lin E, Paterson M, Goering P. Pattern of antidepressant use and duration of depression-related absence from work. Br J Psychiatry. 2003;183:507–13.PubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Thornicroft G, Rose D, Kassam A, Sartorius N. Stigma: Ignorance, prejudice or discrimination? Br J Psychiatry. 2007;190:192–3.PubMedCrossRef Thornicroft G, Rose D, Kassam A, Sartorius N. Stigma: Ignorance, prejudice or discrimination? Br J Psychiatry. 2007;190:192–3.PubMedCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Brohan E, Thornicroft G. Stigma and discrimination of mental health problems: Workplace implications. Occup Med. 2010;60(6):414–5.CrossRef Brohan E, Thornicroft G. Stigma and discrimination of mental health problems: Workplace implications. Occup Med. 2010;60(6):414–5.CrossRef
47.
go back to reference Deuchert E, Kauer L, Meisen ZF. Would you train me with my mental illness? Evidence from a discrete choice experiment. J Ment Health Policy Econ. 2013;16(2):67–80.PubMed Deuchert E, Kauer L, Meisen ZF. Would you train me with my mental illness? Evidence from a discrete choice experiment. J Ment Health Policy Econ. 2013;16(2):67–80.PubMed
48.
49.
go back to reference Freeman D, Cromwell C, Aarenau D, Hazelton M, Lapointe M. Factors leading to successful workplace integration of employees who have experienced mental illness. Employee Assistance Quarterly. 2005;19(4):51–8.CrossRef Freeman D, Cromwell C, Aarenau D, Hazelton M, Lapointe M. Factors leading to successful workplace integration of employees who have experienced mental illness. Employee Assistance Quarterly. 2005;19(4):51–8.CrossRef
50.
go back to reference Brohan E, Henderson C, Wheat K, Malcolm E, Clement S, Barley EA, et al. Systematic review of beliefs, behaviours and influencing factors associated with disclosure of a mental health problem in the workplace. BMC Psychiatry. 2012;12(1):11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Brohan E, Henderson C, Wheat K, Malcolm E, Clement S, Barley EA, et al. Systematic review of beliefs, behaviours and influencing factors associated with disclosure of a mental health problem in the workplace. BMC Psychiatry. 2012;12(1):11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Jones AN. Disclosure of mental illness in the workplace: A literature review. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation. 2011;14(3):212–29.CrossRef Jones AN. Disclosure of mental illness in the workplace: A literature review. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation. 2011;14(3):212–29.CrossRef
52.
go back to reference von Schrader S, Malzer V, Bruyère S. Perspectives on disability disclosure: The importance of employer practices and workplace climate. Employ Respons Rights J. 2014;26(4):237–55.CrossRef von Schrader S, Malzer V, Bruyère S. Perspectives on disability disclosure: The importance of employer practices and workplace climate. Employ Respons Rights J. 2014;26(4):237–55.CrossRef
53.
54.
go back to reference Clement S, Schauman O, Graham T, Maggioni F, Evans-Lacko S, Bezborodovs N, et al. What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Psychol Med. 2015;45(01):11–27.PubMedCrossRef Clement S, Schauman O, Graham T, Maggioni F, Evans-Lacko S, Bezborodovs N, et al. What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Psychol Med. 2015;45(01):11–27.PubMedCrossRef
55.
go back to reference Corrigan PW, Rao D. On the Self-stigma of mental illness: Stages, disclosure, and strategies for change. Can J Psychiatry. 2012;57(8):464–9.PubMedCrossRef Corrigan PW, Rao D. On the Self-stigma of mental illness: Stages, disclosure, and strategies for change. Can J Psychiatry. 2012;57(8):464–9.PubMedCrossRef
56.
go back to reference Allen S, Carlson G. Psychosocial themes in durable employment transitions. Work. 2003;20(3):185–97.PubMed Allen S, Carlson G. Psychosocial themes in durable employment transitions. Work. 2003;20(3):185–97.PubMed
57.
go back to reference Knapp M, McDaid D, Parsonage M. Mental health promotion and mental illness prevention: The economic case. London, UK: Department of Health; 2011. Knapp M, McDaid D, Parsonage M. Mental health promotion and mental illness prevention: The economic case. London, UK: Department of Health; 2011.
58.
go back to reference Evans-Lacko S, Koeser L, Knapp M, Longhitano C, Zohar J, Kuhn K. Evaluating the economic impact of screening and treatment for depression in the workplace. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016;26(6):1004–13.PubMedCrossRef Evans-Lacko S, Koeser L, Knapp M, Longhitano C, Zohar J, Kuhn K. Evaluating the economic impact of screening and treatment for depression in the workplace. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016;26(6):1004–13.PubMedCrossRef
59.
go back to reference Macy G, Watkins C, Lartey G, Golla V. Depression screening, education, and treatment at the workplace: A pilot study utilizing the CDC Health Scorecard. J Work Behav Health. 2017;32(1):3–13.CrossRef Macy G, Watkins C, Lartey G, Golla V. Depression screening, education, and treatment at the workplace: A pilot study utilizing the CDC Health Scorecard. J Work Behav Health. 2017;32(1):3–13.CrossRef
60.
go back to reference Wang PS, Simon GE, Avorn J, Azocar F, Ludman EJ, McCulloch J, et al. Telephone screening, outreach, and care management for depressed workers and impact on clinical and work productivity outcomes: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2007;298(12):1401–11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Wang PS, Simon GE, Avorn J, Azocar F, Ludman EJ, McCulloch J, et al. Telephone screening, outreach, and care management for depressed workers and impact on clinical and work productivity outcomes: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2007;298(12):1401–11.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
61.
go back to reference Jarman L, Martin A, Venn A, Otahal P, Taylor R, Teale B, et al. Prevalence and correlates of psychological distress in a large and diverse public sector workforce: Baseline results from Partnering Healthy@Work. BMC Public Health. 2014;6(14):125.CrossRef Jarman L, Martin A, Venn A, Otahal P, Taylor R, Teale B, et al. Prevalence and correlates of psychological distress in a large and diverse public sector workforce: Baseline results from Partnering Healthy@Work. BMC Public Health. 2014;6(14):125.CrossRef
63.
go back to reference Canadian Standards Association. Psychological health and safety in the workplace — Prevention, promotion, and guidance to staged implementation. 2013. Canadian Standards Association. Psychological health and safety in the workplace — Prevention, promotion, and guidance to staged implementation. 2013.
68.
go back to reference Pomaki G, Franche RL, Murray E, Khushrushahi N, Lampinen TM. Workplace-based work disability prevention interventions for workers with common mental health conditions: A review of the literature. J Occup Rehabil. 2012;22(2):182–95.PubMedCrossRef Pomaki G, Franche RL, Murray E, Khushrushahi N, Lampinen TM. Workplace-based work disability prevention interventions for workers with common mental health conditions: A review of the literature. J Occup Rehabil. 2012;22(2):182–95.PubMedCrossRef
69.
go back to reference Tan L, Wang MJ, Modini M, Joyce S, Mykletun A, Christensen H, et al. Preventing the development of depression at work: A systematic review and meta-analysis of universal interventions in the workplace. BMC Med. 2014;9(12):74.CrossRef Tan L, Wang MJ, Modini M, Joyce S, Mykletun A, Christensen H, et al. Preventing the development of depression at work: A systematic review and meta-analysis of universal interventions in the workplace. BMC Med. 2014;9(12):74.CrossRef
70.
go back to reference Gayed A, Milligan-Saville JS, Nicholas J, Bryan BT, LaMontagne AD, Milner A, et al. Effectiveness of training workplace managers to understand and support the mental health needs of employees: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Occup Environ Med. 2018;oemed-2017–104789. Gayed A, Milligan-Saville JS, Nicholas J, Bryan BT, LaMontagne AD, Milner A, et al. Effectiveness of training workplace managers to understand and support the mental health needs of employees: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Occup Environ Med. 2018;oemed-2017–104789.
71.
go back to reference Hanisch SE, Twomey CD, Szeto ACH, Birner UW, Nowak D, Sabariego C. The effectiveness of interventions targeting the stigma of mental illness at the workplace: A systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. 2016;6(16):1.CrossRef Hanisch SE, Twomey CD, Szeto ACH, Birner UW, Nowak D, Sabariego C. The effectiveness of interventions targeting the stigma of mental illness at the workplace: A systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. 2016;6(16):1.CrossRef
72.
go back to reference Joyce S, Modini M, Christensen H, Mykletun A, Bryant R, Mitchell PB, et al. Workplace interventions for common mental disorders: A systematic meta-review. Psychol Med. 2016;46(4):683–97.PubMedCrossRef Joyce S, Modini M, Christensen H, Mykletun A, Bryant R, Mitchell PB, et al. Workplace interventions for common mental disorders: A systematic meta-review. Psychol Med. 2016;46(4):683–97.PubMedCrossRef
73.
go back to reference Lee Y, Rosenblat JD, Lee J, Carmona NE, Subramaniapillai M, Shekotikhina M, et al. Efficacy of antidepressants on measures of workplace functioning in major depressive disorder: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2018;227:406–15.PubMedCrossRef Lee Y, Rosenblat JD, Lee J, Carmona NE, Subramaniapillai M, Shekotikhina M, et al. Efficacy of antidepressants on measures of workplace functioning in major depressive disorder: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2018;227:406–15.PubMedCrossRef
74.
go back to reference Nieuwenhuijsen K, Faber B, Verbeek JH, Neumeyer-Gromen A, Hees HL, Verhoeven AC, et al. Interventions to improve return to work in depressed people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(12):CD006237. Nieuwenhuijsen K, Faber B, Verbeek JH, Neumeyer-Gromen A, Hees HL, Verhoeven AC, et al. Interventions to improve return to work in depressed people. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(12):CD006237.
75.
go back to reference Nigatu YT, Liu Y, Uppal M, McKinney S, Rao S, Gillis K, et al. Interventions for enhancing return to work in individuals with a common mental illness: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychol Med. 2016;46(16):3263–74.PubMedCrossRef Nigatu YT, Liu Y, Uppal M, McKinney S, Rao S, Gillis K, et al. Interventions for enhancing return to work in individuals with a common mental illness: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychol Med. 2016;46(16):3263–74.PubMedCrossRef
76.
go back to reference Wan Mohd Yunus WMA, Musiat P, Brown JSL. Systematic review of universal and targeted workplace interventions for depression. Occup Environ Med. 2018;75(1):66–75. Wan Mohd Yunus WMA, Musiat P, Brown JSL. Systematic review of universal and targeted workplace interventions for depression. Occup Environ Med. 2018;75(1):66–75.
77.
go back to reference Tsutsumi A. Development of an evidence-based guideline for supervisor training in promoting mental health: Literature review. J Occup Health. 2011;53(1):1–9.PubMedCrossRef Tsutsumi A. Development of an evidence-based guideline for supervisor training in promoting mental health: Literature review. J Occup Health. 2011;53(1):1–9.PubMedCrossRef
78.
go back to reference Bondar J, Babich Morrow C, Gueorguieva R, Brown M, Hawrilenko M, Krystal JH, et al. Clinical and financial outcomes associated with a workplace mental health program before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(6): e2216349.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Bondar J, Babich Morrow C, Gueorguieva R, Brown M, Hawrilenko M, Krystal JH, et al. Clinical and financial outcomes associated with a workplace mental health program before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(6): e2216349.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
82.
go back to reference Denne J, Kettner G, Ben-Shalom Y. The role of the physician in the return-to-work process following disability onset. Washington, D.C.: Office of Disability Employment Policy, U.S. Department of Labor; 2015. Denne J, Kettner G, Ben-Shalom Y. The role of the physician in the return-to-work process following disability onset. Washington, D.C.: Office of Disability Employment Policy, U.S. Department of Labor; 2015.
83.
go back to reference Lagerveld SE, Blonk RWB, Brenninkmeijer V, Wijngaards-de Meij L, Schaufeli WB. Work-focused treatment of common mental disorders and return to work: A comparative outcome study. J Occup Health Psychol. 2012;17(2):220–34.PubMedCrossRef Lagerveld SE, Blonk RWB, Brenninkmeijer V, Wijngaards-de Meij L, Schaufeli WB. Work-focused treatment of common mental disorders and return to work: A comparative outcome study. J Occup Health Psychol. 2012;17(2):220–34.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Understanding and Addressing Mental Health Disorders: a Workplace Imperative
Authors
Danielle S. Taubman
Sagar V. Parikh
Publication date
17-08-2023
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Psychiatry Reports / Issue 10/2023
Print ISSN: 1523-3812
Electronic ISSN: 1535-1645
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-023-01443-7

Other articles of this Issue 10/2023

Current Psychiatry Reports 10/2023 Go to the issue