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Published in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 1/2006

01-01-2006 | Originalien

Mikrobiologische Untersuchung zur Ermittlung des Erfolges der Sofortimplantation im parodontal geschädigten Gebiss

Authors: A. Rabel, S. G. Köhler

Published in: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery | Issue 1/2006

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Zusammenfassung

Ziel

Ziel dieser prospektiven Studie war es zu ermitteln, ob die Prävalenz parodontopathogener Markerkeime und zwei Polymorphismen im Interleukin-1-Gencluster auf Chromosom 2, die eine enge Assoziation mit dem Auftreten einer Parodontitis zeigen, den Erfolg der Sofortimplantation direkt nach Zahnextraktion im parodontal geschädigten Gebiss beeinflussen.

Patienten und Methode

Bei 59 Patienten (22 Männer und 37 Frauen im Alter zwischen 20 und 81 Jahren, Altersmedian 55 Jahre) mit chronischer Parodontitis erfolgten vor Zahnentfernung zwei Probeentnahmen zur molekulargenetischen Diagnostik fünf parodontaler Keime (Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis, Prevotella intermedia sensu stricto, Treponema denticola) und zur Identifizierung des Interleukin-1-Genotyps. Direkt post extractionem wurden 95 Implantate (26 Ankylos®- und 69 Camlog®-Root-Line-Implantate) inseriert, wovon 78 prothetisch sofort versorgt wurden. Unter den Probanden befanden sich 18 Raucher. Der Beobachtungszeitraum betrug 1 Jahr post operationem.

Ergebnisse

Es kam zu einem Verlust von 4 Implantaten bei 4 Patienten mit Tabakkonsum. Bei diesen Probanden konnte kein IL-1-Polymorphismus nachgewiesen werden, Markerkeime fanden sich nur bei einem Patienten. Das mikrobiologische Spektrum der Raucher unterschied sich nicht wesentlich von dem der Gesamtpatientenanzahl. Von den 59 Patienten wiesen 23 (39%) einen positiven IL-1-Genotyp auf. Die Implantatverlustrate von 4% bei Sofortimplantation 1 Jahr nach der Operation ist gegenüber der der Spätimplantation nicht wesentlich erhöht. Es konnte ein Zusammenhang zwischen Tabakkonsum und Implantatverlust hergestellt werden, Auswirkungen auf das mikrobiologische Keimspektrum und den IL-1-Polymorphismus ergaben sich nicht.

Schlussfolgerung

Daraus lässt sich folgern, dass die Sofortimplantation direkt nach Extraktion auch bei Bestehen einer Parodontitis eine erfolgreiche Alternative zur konventionellen Spätimplantation darstellt.
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Metadata
Title
Mikrobiologische Untersuchung zur Ermittlung des Erfolges der Sofortimplantation im parodontal geschädigten Gebiss
Authors
A. Rabel
S. G. Köhler
Publication date
01-01-2006
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / Issue 1/2006
Print ISSN: 1865-1550
Electronic ISSN: 1865-1569
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-005-0664-y

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