Mid- to long-term results of resurfacing hip arthroplasty in Japanese patients: a comparison of osteoarthritic vs non-osteoarthritic patients

Past reports showed good mid-term results of RHA for Japanese patients. However, few reports have compared the mid- to long-term results for RHA in Japanese patients with and without osteoarthritis. Therefore, this study investigated the mid- to long-term results of RHA in Japanese patients with osteoarthritis compared to those without. We conducted a retrospective review of a consecutive series of 92 hips in 80 patients (59 men and 21 women). The minimum follow-up period was 5 years. The JOA hip scoring system was used to clinically evaluate hip function. In the radiological assessment, stem–shaft angle, inclination of the acetabular component, postoperative complications, and adverse reactions around RHA were evaluated. The 10-year survival rate using the Kaplan–Meier method was investigated to compare patients with and without osteoarthritis. A significant difference was observed between the preoperative and postoperative JOA hip scores of either group. Also, the radiological assessment revealed no significant changes in either group. All three revision THAs were performed on patients in the only non-osteoarthritis group. In the osteoarthritis group, the 10-year survival rate was 94% (95% CI 81.8–100) in males and 100% (95% CI 100) for females; in the non-osteoarthritis group, the rate was 80% (95% CI 55.1–100) in males and 66.7% (95% CI 13.3–100) for females. In conclusion, this study showed good mid- to long-term clinical results for young Japanese osteoarthritis patients, with less satisfactory mid- to long-term results in patients without osteoarthritis.