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Cancer Causes & Control
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control 6/2013

01-06-2013 | Original paper

Micronutrient intake and risk of prostate cancer in a cohort of middle-aged, Danish men

Authors: Nina Roswall, Signe B. Larsen, Søren Friis, Malene Outzen, Anja Olsen, Jane Christensen, Lars O. Dragsted, Anne Tjønneland

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 6/2013

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Abstract

Purpose

Micronutrients may protect against prostate cancer. However, few studies have had high-quality assessment of both dietary and supplemental consumption of micronutrients, rendering possible different source-specific effects difficult to discern. This study evaluates associations between intake of vitamin C, E, folate, and beta-carotene and prostate cancer risk, focusing on possible different effects of dietary, supplemental, or total intake and on potential effect modification by alcohol intake and BMI.

Methods

Danish prospective cohort study of 26,856 men aged 50–64 years with questionnaire-based information on diet, supplements, and lifestyle. Hazard ratios (HRs) for prostate cancer associated with micronutrient intake were calculated using Cox proportional hazard analyses.

Results

During follow-up (1993–2010), 1,571 prostate cancer cases were identified. Supplemental folic acid was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk, notably on a continuous scale [HR 0.88 (95 % CI 0.79–0.98) per 100 μg increase/day]. The risk reduction was largely confined to non-aggressive tumors [HR 0.71 (0.55–0.93) per 100 μg increase/day]. No influence on prostate cancer risk was observed for dietary folate or for the other studied micronutrients, regardless of source. We found no significant effect modification by alcohol intake and BMI in relation to any micronutrient.

Conclusion

Our study may indicate an inverse association between folic acid and prostate cancer; however, the inverse association was confined to supplemental folic acid and non-aggressive prostate cancer and may thus be a chance finding. Further studies are warranted to evaluate our findings.
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Metadata
Title
Micronutrient intake and risk of prostate cancer in a cohort of middle-aged, Danish men
Authors
Nina Roswall
Signe B. Larsen
Søren Friis
Malene Outzen
Anja Olsen
Jane Christensen
Lars O. Dragsted
Anne Tjønneland
Publication date
01-06-2013
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 6/2013
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-013-0190-4

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