Cancer metastasis through the lymphovascular system: molecular mechanisms of cancer metastasis

Excerpt

The International Congress on Cancer Metastasis through the Lymphovascular System was first held in 2005, with numerous publications summarizing these biennial meetings. In 2022, we summarized these significant findings in our recently published book on Cancer Metastasis through the Lymphovascular System [1]. Cancer heterogeneity due to mutation [2, 3] and epigenetic changes [4] with association of formation of neoantigens [5, 6] is well known. Cancer progression relating to the cancer microenvironment and the mechanisms of cancer metastasis are under intense study. The 9th International Congress on Cancer Metastasis through the Lymphovascular System, being held between May 4–6, 2019, in San Francisco (www.​cancermetastasis​.​org), addressed the molecular mechanisms of cancer metastasis from the cancer microenvironment to the sentinel lymph nodes in the majority of the cases, then to systemic sites in 20 review articles and 1 commentary. …