The International Society of Surgery (ISS; also known as Societe’ Internationale de Chirugie) is the oldest international surgical society in the world. The first congress of the ISS was held in Brussels in 1905, and Dr. Emil Theodore Kocher was the first ISS president: 4 years later, he would be awarded the Nobel Prize for his work on the physiology, pathology, and surgery of the thyroid. The ISS has members in almost every country in the world, and today in Basel we have about 1800 participants from 93 countries (Fig. 1).