Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Mini review

Mechanism of human rhinovirus infections

Authors: Dieter Blaas, Renate Fuchs

Published in: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics | Issue 1/2016

Abstract

About 150 human rhinovirus serotypes are responsible for more than 50 % of recurrent upper respiratory infections. Despite having similar 3D structures, some bind members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family, some ICAM-1, and some use CDHR3 for host cell infection. This is also reflected in the pathways exploited for cellular entry. We found that even rhinovirus serotypes binding the same receptor can travel along different endocytic pathways and release their RNA genome into the cytosol at different locations. How this may account for distinct immune responses elicited by various rhinoviruses and the observed symptoms of the common cold is briefly discussed.

Jacobs SE, Lamson DM, St George K, Walsh TJ (2013) Human rhinoviruses. Clin Microbiol Rev 26:135–162CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Thibaut HJ, Lacroix C, De Palma AM, Franco D, Decramer M, Neyts J (2016) Toward antiviral therapy/prophylaxis for rhinovirus-induced exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: challenges, opportunities, and strategies. Rev Med Virol 26:21–33CrossRef

Turner RB (1997) Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of the common cold. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 78:531–539CrossRefPubMed

Miller EK (2010) New human rhinovirus species and their significance in asthma exacerbation and airway remodeling. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 30:541–552CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Knight DA, Holgate ST (2003) The airway epithelium: structural and functional properties in health and disease. Respirology 8:432–446CrossRefPubMed

Yoshida M, Kobayashi K, Kuo TT, Bry L, Glickman JN, Claypool SM, Kaser A, Nagaishi T, Higgins DE, Mizoguchi E, Wakatsuki Y, Roopenian DC, Mizoguchi A, Lencer WI, Blumberg RS (2006) Neonatal Fc receptor for IgG regulates mucosal immune responses to luminal bacteria. J Clin Invest 116:2142–2151CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Song Y, Salinas D, Nielson DW, Verkman AS (2006) Hyperacidity of secreted fluid from submucosal glands in early cystic fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 290:C741–C749CrossRefPubMed

Palmenberg AC, Spiro D, Kuzmickas R, Wang S, Djikeng A, Rathe JA, Fraser-Liggett CM, Liggett SB (2009) Sequencing and analyses of all known human rhinovirus genomes reveal structure and evolution. Science 324:55–59CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Staunton DE, Merluzzi VJ, Rothlein R, Barton R, Marlin SD, Springer TA (1989) A cell adhesion molecule, ICAM-1, is the major surface receptor for rhinoviruses. Cell 56:849–853CrossRefPubMed

10.

Hofer F, Gruenberger M, Kowalski H, Machat H, Huettinger M, Kuechler E, Blaas D (1994) Members of the low densitylipoprotein receptor family mediate cell entry of a minor-group common cold virus. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 91:1839–1842CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

11.

Bochkov YA, Watters K, Ashraf S, Griggs TF, Devries MK, Jackson DJ, Palmenberg AC, Gern JE (2015) Cadherin-related family member 3, a childhood asthma susceptibility gene product, mediates rhinovirus C binding and replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:5485–5490CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

12.

Winther B, Arruda E, Witek TJ, Marlin SD, Tsianco MM, Innes DJ, Hayden FG (2002) Expression of ICAM-1 in nasal epithelium and levels of soluble ICAM-1 in nasal lavage fluid during human experimental rhinovirus infection. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 128:131–136CrossRefPubMed

13.

Fuchs R, Blaas D (2010) Uncoating of human rhinoviruses. Rev Med Virol 210:281–297CrossRef

14.

Jurgeit A, Moese S, Roulin P, Dorsch A, Lotzerich M, Lee WM, Greber UF (2010) An RNA replication-center assay for high content image-based quantifications of human rhinovirus and coxsackievirus infections. Virol J 7:264CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

15.

Casasnovas JM, Springer TA (1994) Pathway of rhinovirus disruption by soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1): an intermediate in which ICAM-1 is bound and RNA is released. J Virol 68:5882–5889PubMedPubMedCentral

16.

Nurani G, Lindqvist B, Casasnovas JM (2003) Receptor priming of major group human rhinoviruses for uncoating and entry at mild low-pH environments. J Virol 77:11985–11991CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

17.

Inal JM, Jorfi S (2013) Coxsackievirus B transmission and possible new roles for extracellular vesicles. Biochem Soc Trans 41:299–302CrossRefPubMed

18.

Mosser AG, Brockman-Schneider R, Amineva S, Burchell L, Sedgwick JB, Busse WW, Gern JE (2002) Similar frequency of rhinovirus-infectible cells in upper and lower airway epithelium. J Infect Dis 185:734–743CrossRefPubMed

19.

Arruda E, Boyle TR, Winther B, Pevear DC, Gwaltney JM Jr, Hayden FG (1995) Localization of human rhinovirus replication in the upper respiratory tract by in situ hybridization. J Infect Dis 171:1329–1333CrossRefPubMed

20.

Jakiela B, Brockman-Schneider R, Amineva S, Lee WM, Gern JE (2008) Basal cells of differentiated bronchial epithelium are more susceptible to rhinovirus infection. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 38:517–523CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

21.

Kennedy JL, Turner RB, Braciale T, Heymann PW, Borish L (2012) Pathogenesis of rhinovirus infection. Curr Opin Virol 2:287–293CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

22.

Heidl S, Ellinger I, Niederberger V, Waltl EE, Fuchs R (2015) Localization of the human neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) in human nasal epithelium. Protoplasma. doi:10.1007/s00709-015-0918-y PubMed

23.

Rath T, Baker K, Pyzik M, Blumberg RS (2014) Regulation of immune responses by the neonatal fc receptor and its therapeutic implications. Front Immunol 5:664CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

24.

Wark PA, Grissell T, Davies B, See H, Gibson PG (2009) Diversity in the bronchial epithelial cell response to infection with different rhinovirus strains. Respirology 14:180–186CrossRefPubMed

25.

Schuler BA, Schreiber MT, Li L, Mokry M, Kingdon ML, Raugi DN, Smith C, Hameister C, Racaniello VR, Hall DJ (2014) Major and minor group rhinoviruses elicit differential signaling and cytokine responses as a function of receptor-mediated signal transduction. PLoS One 9:e93897CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Title: Mechanism of human rhinovirus infections
Authors: Dieter Blaas
Renate Fuchs
Publication date: 01-12-2016
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 2194-7791
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40348-016-0049-3

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Mechanism of human rhinovirus infections

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2016

Neutrophil plasticity enables the development of pathological microenvironments: implications for cystic fibrosis airway disease

The puzzle of immune phenotypes of childhood asthma

Neutrophil elastase and matrix metalloproteinase 12 in cystic fibrosis lung disease

The role of hypoxia in intestinal inflammation

Mesenchymal stromal cells in the development and therapy of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Update on host-pathogen interactions in cystic fibrosis lung disease