Top

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Published in:

01-09-2011 | Neuro-ophthalmology

Measurement of distance objective visual acuity with the computerized optokinetic nystagmus test in patients with ocular diseases

Authors: Sang Beom Han, Eun Ryung Han, Joon Young Hyon, Jong-Mo Seo, Jin Hak Lee, Jeong-Min Hwang

Published in: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology | Issue 9/2011

Abstract

Backgrounds

To evaluate the efficacy of a computerized optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) test for determination of objective visual acuity (VA) at distance in patients with various ocular diseases.

Methods

This is a prospective, non-interventional study that included 85 eyes of 71 patients with one or more ocular pathologies. Study patients were classified into group C (39 eyes of 30 patients with central visual damage), group P (24 eyes of 20 patients with peripheral visual defect) and group M (22 eyes of 21 patients with media opacity). Objective distance VA was measured with OKN induction and suppression methods, and the correlation between the objective and subjective VA at distance was evaluated using linear regression analysis. Mean subjective VAs were compared among each objective VA step and among the three groups.

Results

Significant correlation was found between subjective distance VA and objective VA determined by both OKN induction and suppression methods in all three groups and in overall patients. In overall patients, the mean subjective VA was significantly different in several objective VA steps (Welch’s ANOVA, p < 0.001 for induction and suppression methods). No significant difference in subjective VA among the three groups was found in any objective VA step.

Conclusions

Our objective VA test using OKN induction and suppression methods can be useful in estimating distance VA in patients with various ocular diseases.

Available only for authorised users

Hyon JY, Yeo HE, Seo JM, Lee IB, Lee JH, Hwang JM (2010) Objective measurement of distance visual acuity determined by computerized optokinetic nystagmus test. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 51:752–757PubMedCrossRef

Gundogan FC, Sobaci G, Bayer A (2007) Pattern visual evoked potentials in the assessment of visual acuity in malingering. Ophthalmology 114:2332–2337PubMedCrossRef

Nakamura A, Akio T, Matsuda E, Wakami Y (2001) Pattern visual evoked potentials in malingering. J Neuroophthalmol 21:42–45PubMed

Abadi RV, Howard IP, Ohmi M, Lee EE (2005) The effect of central and peripheral field stimulation on the rise time and gain of human optokinetic nystagmus. Perception 34:1015–1024PubMed

Cheng M, Outerbridge JS (1975) Optokinetic nystagmus during selective retinal stimulation. Exp Brain Res 23:129–139PubMedCrossRef

Fukai S, Hayakawa T, Tsutsui J (1990) Objective visual acuity testing by optokinetic nystagmus suppression. Jpn J Ophthalmol 34:239–244PubMed

Gorman JJ, Cogan DG, Gellis SS (1957) An apparatus for grading the visual acuity of infants on the basis of opticokinetic nystagmus. Pediatrics 19:1088–1092PubMed

Howard IP, Ohmi M (1984) The efficiency of the central and peripheral retina in driving human optokinetic nystagmus. Vis Res 24:969–976PubMedCrossRef

Millodot M, Harper P (1969) Measure of visual acuity by means of eye movements. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom 46:938–945PubMed

10.

Millodot M, Miller D, Jernigan ME (1973) Evaluation of an objective acuity device. Arch Ophthalmol 90:449–452PubMed

11.

Schor C, Narayan V (1981) The influence of field size upon the spatial frequency response of optokinetic nystagmus. Vis Res 21:985–994PubMedCrossRef

12.

Thomas BB, Seiler MJ, Sadda SR, Coffey PJ, Aramant RB (2004) Optokinetic test to evaluate visual acuity of each eye independently. J Neurosci Methods 138:7–13PubMedCrossRef

13.

van Die G, Collewijn H (1982) Optokinetic nystagmus in man. Role of central and peripheral retina and occurrence of asymmetries. Hum Neurobiol 1:111–119PubMed

14.

Van Die GC, Collewijn H (1986) Control of human optokinetic nystagmus by the central and peripheral retina: effects of partial visual field masking, scotopic vision and central retinal scotomata. Brain Res 383:185–194PubMedCrossRef

15.

Weder W, Wiegand H (1987) Determination of visual acuity using optokinetic nystagmus. A newly developed instrument based on Gunther's principle. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 191:149–155PubMedCrossRef

16.

Wester ST, Rizzo JF 3rd, Balkwill MD, Wall C 3rd (2007) Optokinetic nystagmus as a measure of visual function in severely visually impaired patients. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 48:4542–4548PubMedCrossRef

17.

Reinecke RD, Cogan DG (1958) Standardization of objective visual acuity measurements; opticokinetic nystagmus vs. Snellen acuity. AMA Arch Ophthalmol 60:418–421PubMed

18.

Shin YJ, Park KH, Hwang JM, Wee WR, Lee JH, Lee IB (2006) Objective measurement of visual acuity by optokinetic response determination in patients with ocular diseases. Am J Ophthalmol 141:327–332PubMedCrossRef

19.

Gunther G, Noteboom E, Plotz C (1957) Objective determination of visual acuity. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Ophthalmol 159:180–190PubMedCrossRef

20.

Voipio H (1962) Objective measurement of visual acuity. Duodecim 78:285–288PubMed

21.

Makabe R (1984) Objective estimation of visual acuity by means of optokinetic nystagmus. Dev Ophthalmol 9:130–132PubMed

22.

Graf M, Kaufmann H (1999) Clinical application of a new method for the objective estimation of minimum visual acuity. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 214:395–400PubMedCrossRef

23.

Dell'Osso LF, Jacobs JB (2002) An expanded nystagmus acuity function: intra- and intersubject prediction of best-corrected visual acuity. Doc Ophthalmol 104:249–276PubMedCrossRef

24.

Jacobs JB, Dell'Osso LF, Wang ZI, Acland GM, Bennett J (2009) Using the NAFX to measure the effectiveness over time of gene therapy in canine LCA. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 50:4685–4692PubMedCrossRef

25.

Wang Z, Dell'Osso LF, Jacobs JB, Burnstine RA, Tomsak RL (2006) Effects of tenotomy on patients with infantile nystagmus syndrome: foveation improvement over a broadened visual field. J AAPOS 10:552–560PubMedCrossRef

26.

Wang ZI, Dell'Osso LF (2009) Eye-movement-based assessment of visual function in patients with infantile nystagmus syndrome. Optom Vis Sci 86:988–995PubMedCrossRef

27.

Sloan LL (1951) Measurement of visual acuity; a critical review. AMA Arch Ophthalmol 45:704–725PubMed

28.

Wolffsohn JS, Eperjesi F (2005) The effect of relative distance enlargement on visual acuity in the visually impaired. Clin Exp Optom 88:97–102PubMedCrossRef

29.

van den Berg AV, Collewijn H (1988) Directional asymmetries of human optokinetic nystagmus. Exp Brain Res 70:597–604PubMedCrossRef

30.

Abadi RV, Pascal E (1991) The effects of simultaneous central and peripheral field motion on the optokinetic response. Vis Res 31:2219–2225PubMedCrossRef

31.

Murasugi CM, Howard IP, Ohmi M (1986) Optokinetic nystagmus: the effects of stationary edges, alone and in combination with central occlusion. Vis Res 26:1155–1162PubMedCrossRef

32.

Crevits L, van Vliet AG (1986) Optokinetic nystagmus in patients with defects of the central visual field. Eur Neurol 25:454–457PubMedCrossRef

33.

Valmaggia C, Charlier J, Gottlob I (2001) Optokinetic nystagmus in patients with central scotomas in age related macular degeneration. Br J Ophthalmol 85:169–172PubMedCrossRef

34.

Valmaggia C, Gottlob I (2002) Optokinetic nystagmus elicited by filling-in in adults with central scotoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 43:1804–1808PubMed

35.

Wang L, Soderberg G (1995) Frequency and amplitude in scotopically stimulated optokinetic nystagmus. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 233:8–12PubMedCrossRef

36.

Abadi RV, Pantazidou M (1997) Monocular optokinetic nystagmus in humans with age-related maculopathy. Br J Ophthalmol 81:123–129PubMedCrossRef

Title: Measurement of distance objective visual acuity with the computerized optokinetic nystagmus test in patients with ocular diseases
Authors: Sang Beom Han
Eun Ryung Han
Joon Young Hyon
Jong-Mo Seo
Jin Hak Lee
Jeong-Min Hwang
Publication date: 01-09-2011
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology / Issue 9/2011
Print ISSN: 0721-832X
Electronic ISSN: 1435-702X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-011-1705-x

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Measurement of distance objective visual acuity with the computerized optokinetic nystagmus test in patients with ocular diseases

Abstract

Backgrounds

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Backgrounds

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 9/2011

Angiographic findings following tack fixation of a wireless epiretinal retina implant device in blind RP patients

Metastatic orbital tumors in southern China during an 18-year period

Reliability of vessel diameter measurements with a retinal oximeter

The dynamics of practice effects in an optotype acuity task

The effect of bleach duration and age on the ERG photostress test

Ophthalmology: an illustrated colour text (ICT) 3rd Edition. M. Batterbury, B. Bowling, C. Murphy; pp 125, Softcover ISBN: 978-0-7020-3059-8 Churchill Livingstone–Elsevier