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Open Access 01-12-2021 | Review

Marmosets: a promising model for probing the neural mechanisms underlying complex visual networks such as the frontal–parietal network

Authors: Joanita F. D’Souza, Nicholas S. C. Price, Maureen A. Hagan

Published in: Brain Structure and Function | Issue 9/2021

Abstract

The technology, methodology and models used by visual neuroscientists have provided great insights into the structure and function of individual brain areas. However, complex cognitive functions arise in the brain due to networks comprising multiple interacting cortical areas that are wired together with precise anatomical connections. A prime example of this phenomenon is the frontal–parietal network and two key regions within it: the frontal eye fields (FEF) and lateral intraparietal area (area LIP). Activity in these cortical areas has independently been tied to oculomotor control, motor preparation, visual attention and decision-making. Strong, bidirectional anatomical connections have also been traced between FEF and area LIP, suggesting that the aforementioned visual functions depend on these inter-area interactions. However, advancements in our knowledge about the interactions between area LIP and FEF are limited with the main animal model, the rhesus macaque, because these key regions are buried in the sulci of the brain. In this review, we propose that the common marmoset is the ideal model for investigating how anatomical connections give rise to functionally-complex cognitive visual behaviours, such as those modulated by the frontal–parietal network, because of the homology of their cortical networks with humans and macaques, amenability to transgenic technology, and rich behavioural repertoire. Furthermore, the lissencephalic structure of the marmoset brain enables application of powerful techniques, such as array-based electrophysiology and optogenetics, which are critical to bridge the gaps in our knowledge about structure and function in the brain.

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Title: Marmosets: a promising model for probing the neural mechanisms underlying complex visual networks such as the frontal–parietal network
Authors: Joanita F. D’Souza
Nicholas S. C. Price
Maureen A. Hagan
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Brain Structure and Function / Issue 9/2021
Print ISSN: 1863-2653
Electronic ISSN: 1863-2661
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02367-9

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Marmosets: a promising model for probing the neural mechanisms underlying complex visual networks such as the frontal–parietal network

Abstract

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Abstract

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