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BMC Medical Imaging
Published in: BMC Medical Imaging 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Magnetic Resonance Imaging | Research article

Breast MRI texture analysis for prediction of BRCA-associated genetic risk

Authors: Georgia Vasileiou, Maria J. Costa, Christopher Long, Iris R. Wetzler, Juliane Hoyer, Cornelia Kraus, Bernt Popp, Julius Emons, Marius Wunderle, Evelyn Wenkel, Michael Uder, Matthias W. Beckmann, Sebastian M. Jud, Peter A. Fasching, Alexander Cavallaro, André Reis, Matthias Hammon

Published in: BMC Medical Imaging | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

BRCA1/2 deleterious variants account for most of the hereditary breast and ovarian cancer cases. Prediction models and guidelines for the assessment of genetic risk rely heavily on criteria with high variability such as family cancer history. Here we investigated the efficacy of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) texture features as a predictor for BRCA mutation status.

Methods

A total of 41 female breast cancer individuals at high genetic risk, sixteen with a BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant and twenty five controls were included. From each MRI 4225 computer-extracted voxels were analyzed. Non-imaging features including clinical, family cancer history variables and triple negative receptor status (TNBC) were complementarily used. Lasso-principal component regression (L-PCR) analysis was implemented to compare the predictive performance, assessed as area under the curve (AUC), when imaging features were used, and lasso logistic regression or conventional logistic regression for the remaining analyses.

Results

Lasso-selected imaging principal components showed the highest predictive value (AUC 0.86), surpassing family cancer history. Clinical variables comprising age at disease onset and bilateral breast cancer yielded a relatively poor AUC (~ 0.56). Combination of imaging with the non-imaging variables led to an improvement of predictive performance in all analyses, with TNBC along with the imaging components yielding the highest AUC (0.94). Replacing family history variables with imaging components yielded an improvement of classification performance of ~ 4%, suggesting that imaging compensates the predictive information arising from family cancer structure.

Conclusions

The L-PCR model uncovered evidence for the utility of MRI texture features in distinguishing between BRCA1/2 positive and negative high-risk breast cancer individuals, which may suggest value to diagnostic routine. Integration of computer-extracted texture analysis from MRI modalities in prediction models and inclusion criteria might play a role in reducing false positives or missed cases especially when established risk variables such as family history are missing.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Breast MRI texture analysis for prediction of BRCA-associated genetic risk
Authors
Georgia Vasileiou
Maria J. Costa
Christopher Long
Iris R. Wetzler
Juliane Hoyer
Cornelia Kraus
Bernt Popp
Julius Emons
Marius Wunderle
Evelyn Wenkel
Michael Uder
Matthias W. Beckmann
Sebastian M. Jud
Peter A. Fasching
Alexander Cavallaro
André Reis
Matthias Hammon
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Medical Imaging / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2342
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-020-00483-2

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