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Molecular Imaging and Biology

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01-02-2022 | Magnetic Resonance Imaging | Brief Article

¹⁹F MRI Imaging Strategies to Reduce Isoflurane Artifacts in In Vivo Images

Authors: Alexander H. J. Staal, Andor Veltien, Mangala Srinivas, Tom W. J. Scheenen

Published in: Molecular Imaging and Biology | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Purpose

Isoflurane (ISO) is the most commonly used preclinical inhalation anesthetic. This is a problem in ¹⁹F MRI of fluorine contrast agents, as ISO signals cause artifacts that interfere with unambiguous image interpretation and quantification; the two most attractive properties of heteronuclear MRI. We aimed to avoid these artifacts using MRI strategies that can be applied by any pre-clinical researcher.

Procedures

Three strategies to avoid ISO chemical shift displacement artifacts (CSDA) in ¹⁹F MRI are described and demonstrated with measurements of ¹⁹F-containing agents in phantoms and in vivo (n = 3 for all strategies). The success of these strategies is compared to a standard Rapid Acquisition with Relaxation Enhancement (RARE) sequence, with phantom and in vivo validation. ISO artifacts can successfully be avoided by (1) shifting them outside the region of interest using a narrow signal acquisition bandwidth, (2) suppression of ISO by planning a frequency-selective suppression pulse before signal acquisition or by (3) preventing ISO excitation with a 3D sequence with a narrow excitation bandwidth.

Results

All three strategies result in complete ISO signal avoidance (p < 0.0001 for all methods). Using a narrow acquisition bandwidth can result in loss of signal to noise ratio and distortion of the image, and a frequency-selective suppression pulse can be incomplete when B₁-inhomogeneities are present. Preventing ISO excitation with a narrow excitation pulse in a 3D sequence yields the most robust results (relative SNR 151 ± 28% compared to 2D multislice methods, p = 0.006).

Conclusion

We optimized three easily implementable methods to avoid ISO signal artifacts and validated their performance in phantoms and in vivo. We make recommendation on the parameters that pre-clinical studies should report in their method section to make the used approach insightful.

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Title: 19F MRI Imaging Strategies to Reduce Isoflurane Artifacts in In Vivo Images
Authors: Alexander H. J. Staal
Andor Veltien
Mangala Srinivas
Tom W. J. Scheenen
Publication date: 01-02-2022
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keywords: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Isoflurane
Published in: Molecular Imaging and Biology / Issue 1/2022
Print ISSN: 1536-1632
Electronic ISSN: 1860-2002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-021-01653-6

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

¹⁹F MRI Imaging Strategies to Reduce Isoflurane Artifacts in In Vivo Images

Abstract

Purpose

Procedures

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Procedures

Results

Conclusion

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