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BMC Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Lung Cancer | Research

Humoral immune response to tumor-associated antigen Ubiquilin 1 (UBQLN1) and its tumor-promoting potential in lung cancer

Authors: Yulin Wang, Songyun Ouyang, Man Liu, Qiufang Si, Xue Zhang, Xiuzhi Zhang, Jiaqi Li, Peng Wang, Hua Ye, Jianxiang Shi, Chunhua Song, Kaijuan Wang, Liping Dai

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

This study aims to investigate the expression of UBQLN1 in lung cancer (LC) tissue and the diagnostic capability of autoantibody to UBQLN1 (anti-UBQLN1) in the detection of LC and the discrimination of pulmonary nodules (PNs).

Methods

Sera from 798 participants were used to discover and validate the level of autoantibodies via HuProt microarray and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Logistic regression analysis was applied to establish model. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect UBQLN1 expression in 88 LC tissues and 88 para-tumor tissues. qRT-PCR and western blotting were performed to detect the expression of UBQLN1 at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Trans-well assay and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to investigate the function of UBQLN1.

Results

Anti-UBQLN1 was identified with the highest fold change by protein microarray. The level of anti-UBQLN1 in LC patients was obviously higher than that in NC or patients with benign lung disease of validation cohort 1 (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of anti-UBQLN1 was 0.610 (95%CI: 0.508-0.713) while reached at 0.822 (95%CI: 0.784-0.897) when combining anti-UBQLN1 with CEA, CYFRA21-1, CA125 and three CT indicators (vascular notch sign, lobulation sign and mediastinal lymph node enlargement) in the discrimination of PNs. UBQLN1 protein was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues compared to para-tumor tissues. UBQLN1 knockdown remarkably inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of LUAD cell lines.

Conclusions

Anti-UBQLN1 might be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of LC and the discrimination of PNs.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
Humoral immune response to tumor-associated antigen Ubiquilin 1 (UBQLN1) and its tumor-promoting potential in lung cancer
Authors
Yulin Wang
Songyun Ouyang
Man Liu
Qiufang Si
Xue Zhang
Xiuzhi Zhang
Jiaqi Li
Peng Wang
Hua Ye
Jianxiang Shi
Chunhua Song
Kaijuan Wang
Liping Dai
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-024-12019-w

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