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Pediatric Drugs
Published in: Pediatric Drugs 2/2010

01-04-2010 | Original Research Article

Long-Term Neurodevelopment of Children Exposed In Utero to Ciclosporin After Maternal Renal Transplant

Authors: Dr Irena Nulman, Michael Sgro, Maru Barrera, David Chitayat, John Cairney, Gideon Koren

Published in: Pediatric Drugs | Issue 2/2010

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Abstract

Background: Immunosuppressant therapy is essential in the prevention of organ transplant rejection.
Objective: To evaluate the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of children following in utero ciclosporin (cyclosporine) exposure after maternal renal transplantation.
Methods: A cohort study with matched controls using a prospectively collected database was conducted to assess neurocognitive and behavioral outcomes using standardized measures. Thirty-nine children exposed in utero to ciclosporin therapy following maternal renal transplantation were assessed (15 single pregnancies, 24 multiple pregnancies) and compared with 38 matched unexposed children. Intelligence, visuomotor abilities, and psychologic adjustment were measured using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised (WPPSI-R), the Beery Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI-4) and the Wide Range Assessment of Visual Motor Abilities (WRAVMA), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), respectively. Statistical analysis, including regression, was performed to determine the significant predictors for the main outcome, full-scale IQ (FIQ).
Results: There were no significant differences in FIQ, verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ (PIQ) or behavioral outcomes between exposed and unexposed children or between single and multiple delivery groups. Thirty-three percent of exposed children were premature versus 0.5% in unexposed controls (p < 0.01). Prematurity was associated with low birthweight, high rates of perinatal complications, and instrumental deliveries. Relative to full-term children, premature, low birthweight children in the ciclosporin-exposed group had significantly lower FIQ and VIQ scores (101.04 vs 111.31 [p = 0.008] and 102.31 vs 113.08 [p = 0.021], respectively). Maternal IQ and socioeconomic status were positive and significant predictors for children’s IQ (p < 0.001 and p = 0.03, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences in exposed children’s IQ who were and were not breastfed.
Conclusion: In this cohort, there was no association between in utero exposure to ciclosporin and long-term neurocognitive and behavioral development in children after maternal renal transplantation. Maternal IQ and socioeconomic status are positive predictors for children’s intelligence. However, maternal renal transplantation and associated co-morbidity is associated with higher rates of premature delivery and consequent poorer neurocognitive and behavioral outcomes. Proper management of maternal morbidity and improved obstetric care may improve the child’s profile.
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Metadata
Title
Long-Term Neurodevelopment of Children Exposed In Utero to Ciclosporin After Maternal Renal Transplant
Authors
Dr Irena Nulman
Michael Sgro
Maru Barrera
David Chitayat
John Cairney
Gideon Koren
Publication date
01-04-2010
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Pediatric Drugs / Issue 2/2010
Print ISSN: 1174-5878
Electronic ISSN: 1179-2019
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2165/11316280-000000000-00000

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