Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Sports Medicine 10/2008

01-10-2008 | Review Article

The Role of Motion Analysis in Elite Soccer

Contemporary Performance Measurement Techniques and Work Rate Data

Authors: Christopher Carling, Jonathan Bloomfield, Lee Nelsen, Thomas Reilly

Published in: Sports Medicine | Issue 10/2008

Login to get access

Abstract

The optimal physical preparation of elite soccer (association football) players has become an indispensable part of the professional game, especially due to the increased physical demands of match-play. The monitoring of players’ work rate profiles during competition is now feasible through computer-aided motion analysis. Traditional methods of motion analysis were extremely labour intensive and were largely restricted to university-based research projects. Recent technological developments have meant that sophisticated systems, capable of quickly recording and processing the data of all players’ physical contributions throughout an entire match, are now being used in elite club environments. In recognition of the important role that motion analysis now plays as a tool for measuring the physical performance of soccer players, this review critically appraises various motion analysis methods currently employed in elite soccer and explores research conducted using these methods. This review therefore aims to increase the awareness of both practitioners and researchers of the various motion analysis systems available, and identify practical implications of the established body of knowledge, while highlighting areas that require further exploration.
Footnotes
1
The use of trade names is for product identification purposes only and does not imply endorsement.
 
Literature
1.
go back to reference Williams AM, Hodges NJ. Practice, instruction and skill acquisition in soccer: challenging tradition. J Sports Sci 2005 Jun;23 (6): 637–50PubMedCrossRef Williams AM, Hodges NJ. Practice, instruction and skill acquisition in soccer: challenging tradition. J Sports Sci 2005 Jun;23 (6): 637–50PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Reilly T, Williams AM, editors. Science and soccer. London: Routledge, 2003 Reilly T, Williams AM, editors. Science and soccer. London: Routledge, 2003
3.
go back to reference Stølen T, Chamari K, Castagna C, et al. Physiology of soccer: an update. Sports Med 2005; 35 (6): 501–36PubMedCrossRef Stølen T, Chamari K, Castagna C, et al. Physiology of soccer: an update. Sports Med 2005; 35 (6): 501–36PubMedCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Impellizzeri FM, Rampinini E, Marcora SM. Physiological as sessment of aerobic training in soccer. J Sports Sci 2005 Jun;23 (6): 583–92PubMedCrossRef Impellizzeri FM, Rampinini E, Marcora SM. Physiological as sessment of aerobic training in soccer. J Sports Sci 2005 Jun;23 (6): 583–92PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Gilbourne D, Richardson D. A practitioner-focused approach to the provision of psychological support in soccer: adopting action research themes and processes. J Sports Sci 2005 Jun; 23 (6): 651–8PubMedCrossRef Gilbourne D, Richardson D. A practitioner-focused approach to the provision of psychological support in soccer: adopting action research themes and processes. J Sports Sci 2005 Jun; 23 (6): 651–8PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Lees A, Nolan L. The biomechanics of soccer: a review. J Sports Sci 1998 Apr; (3) 16: 211–34CrossRef Lees A, Nolan L. The biomechanics of soccer: a review. J Sports Sci 1998 Apr; (3) 16: 211–34CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Reilly T, Gilbourne D. Science and football: a review of applied research in the football codes. J Sports Sci 2003 Sep; 21 (9): 693–705PubMedCrossRef Reilly T, Gilbourne D. Science and football: a review of applied research in the football codes. J Sports Sci 2003 Sep; 21 (9): 693–705PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Carling C, Williams AM, Reilly T. The handbook of soccer match analysis. London: Routledge, 2005CrossRef Carling C, Williams AM, Reilly T. The handbook of soccer match analysis. London: Routledge, 2005CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Reilly T. Science of training: soccer. London: Routledge, 2007 Reilly T. Science of training: soccer. London: Routledge, 2007
10.
go back to reference Reilly T. An ergonomics model of the soccer training process. J Sports Sci 2005 Jun; 23 (6): 561–72PubMedCrossRef Reilly T. An ergonomics model of the soccer training process. J Sports Sci 2005 Jun; 23 (6): 561–72PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Reilly T, Thomas V. A motion analysis of work-rate in different positional roles in professional football match-play. J Hum Mov Stud 1976, 97 Reilly T, Thomas V. A motion analysis of work-rate in different positional roles in professional football match-play. J Hum Mov Stud 1976, 97
12.
go back to reference James N. The role of notational analysis in soccer coaching. Int J Sport Sci Coaching 2006; 1 (2): 185–98CrossRef James N. The role of notational analysis in soccer coaching. Int J Sport Sci Coaching 2006; 1 (2): 185–98CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Strudwick T, Reilly T. Work-rate profiles of elite premier league football players. Insight FA Coaches Assoc J 2001, 59 Strudwick T, Reilly T. Work-rate profiles of elite premier league football players. Insight FA Coaches Assoc J 2001, 59
14.
go back to reference Reilly T, Drust B, Clarke N. Muscle fatigue during soccer match-play. Sports Med 2008; 38 (5): 357–67PubMedCrossRef Reilly T, Drust B, Clarke N. Muscle fatigue during soccer match-play. Sports Med 2008; 38 (5): 357–67PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Mohr M, Krustrup P, Bangsbo J. Match performance of high standard soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue. J Sports Sci 2003 Jul; 21 (7): 519–28PubMedCrossRef Mohr M, Krustrup P, Bangsbo J. Match performance of high standard soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue. J Sports Sci 2003 Jul; 21 (7): 519–28PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Krustrup P, Mohr M, Ellingsgaard H, et al. Physical demands during an elite female soccer game: importance of training Acstatus. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005 Jul; 37 (7): 1242–8PubMedCrossRef Krustrup P, Mohr M, Ellingsgaard H, et al. Physical demands during an elite female soccer game: importance of training Acstatus. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005 Jul; 37 (7): 1242–8PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Impellizzeri FM, Marcora SM, Castagna C, et al. Physiological and performance effects of generic versus specific aerobic training in soccer players. Int J Sports Med 2006 Jun; 27 (6):483–92PubMedCrossRef Impellizzeri FM, Marcora SM, Castagna C, et al. Physiological and performance effects of generic versus specific aerobic training in soccer players. Int J Sports Med 2006 Jun; 27 (6):483–92PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Randers MB, Jensen JM, Krustrup P. Comparison of activity profile during matches in Danish and Swedish premier league and matches in Nordic royal league tournament [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 16 Randers MB, Jensen JM, Krustrup P. Comparison of activity profile during matches in Danish and Swedish premier league and matches in Nordic royal league tournament [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 16
19.
go back to reference Andersson H, Krustrup P, Mohr M. Differences in movement pattern, heart rate and fatigue development in international versus national league matches of Swedish and Danish elite female soccer players [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 109CrossRef Andersson H, Krustrup P, Mohr M. Differences in movement pattern, heart rate and fatigue development in international versus national league matches of Swedish and Danish elite female soccer players [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 109CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Bangsbo J, Norregaard J, Thorsoe F. Activity profile of competition soccer. Can J Sports Sci 1991; 16 (2): 110–6 Bangsbo J, Norregaard J, Thorsoe F. Activity profile of competition soccer. Can J Sports Sci 1991; 16 (2): 110–6
21.
go back to reference Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’ Donoghue PG. Physical demands of different positions in FA Premier League soccer. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 (1): 63–70 Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’ Donoghue PG. Physical demands of different positions in FA Premier League soccer. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 (1): 63–70
23.
go back to reference Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’Donoghue PG. Reliability of the Bloomfield Movement Classification. Int J Perf Anal Sport 2007 Jan; 7 (1): 20–7 Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’Donoghue PG. Reliability of the Bloomfield Movement Classification. Int J Perf Anal Sport 2007 Jan; 7 (1): 20–7
24.
go back to reference Edgecomb SJ, Norton KI. Comparison of global positioning and computer-based tracking systems for measuring player movement distance during Australian Football. J Sci Med Sport 2006 May; 9 (1-2): 25–32PubMedCrossRef Edgecomb SJ, Norton KI. Comparison of global positioning and computer-based tracking systems for measuring player movement distance during Australian Football. J Sci Med Sport 2006 May; 9 (1-2): 25–32PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Barros RML, Misuta MS, Menezes RP, et al. Analysis of the distances covered by first division Brazilian soccer players obtained with an automatic tracking method. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 (2): 233–42 Barros RML, Misuta MS, Menezes RP, et al. Analysis of the distances covered by first division Brazilian soccer players obtained with an automatic tracking method. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 (2): 233–42
26.
go back to reference Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’ Donoghue PG. The ‘Bloomfield Movement Classification’ motion analysis of individual players in dynamic movement sports. Int J Perf Anal Sport 2004 Dec; 4 (2): 20–31 Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’ Donoghue PG. The ‘Bloomfield Movement Classification’ motion analysis of individual players in dynamic movement sports. Int J Perf Anal Sport 2004 Dec; 4 (2): 20–31
27.
go back to reference Drust B, Atkinson G, Reilly T. Future perspectives in the evaluation of the physiological demands of soccer. Sports Med 2007; 37 (9): 783–805PubMedCrossRef Drust B, Atkinson G, Reilly T. Future perspectives in the evaluation of the physiological demands of soccer. Sports Med 2007; 37 (9): 783–805PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Toki S, Sakurai S. Quantitative match analysis of soccer games with two dimensional DLT procedures [abstract no. 911]. XXth Congress of International Society of Biomechanics; 2005, Cleveland (OH) Toki S, Sakurai S. Quantitative match analysis of soccer games with two dimensional DLT procedures [abstract no. 911]. XXth Congress of International Society of Biomechanics; 2005, Cleveland (OH)
32.
go back to reference Shiokawa M, Takahashi K, Kan A, et al. Computer analysis of a soccer game by the DLT method focusing on the movement of the players and the ball [abstract no. 267]. V World Congress of Science and Football, Lisbon-Portugal, 2003 Shiokawa M, Takahashi K, Kan A, et al. Computer analysis of a soccer game by the DLT method focusing on the movement of the players and the ball [abstract no. 267]. V World Congress of Science and Football, Lisbon-Portugal, 2003
33.
go back to reference Miyagi O, Ohashi J, Kitagawa K. Motion characteristics of an elite soccer player during a game: communications to the Fourth World Congress of Science and Football [abstract]. J Sports Sci 1999; 17 (10): 816 Miyagi O, Ohashi J, Kitagawa K. Motion characteristics of an elite soccer player during a game: communications to the Fourth World Congress of Science and Football [abstract]. J Sports Sci 1999; 17 (10): 816
35.
go back to reference Di Salvo V, Collins A, McNeill B, et al. Validation of prozone: a new video-based performance analysis system. Int J Perf Anal Sport 2006 Jun; 6 (1): 108–19 Di Salvo V, Collins A, McNeill B, et al. Validation of prozone: a new video-based performance analysis system. Int J Perf Anal Sport 2006 Jun; 6 (1): 108–19
37.
go back to reference Brulé P, Carling C, David A, et al. AMISCO: the development of a computerised match analysis system to automatically track the movements of soccer players [abstract]. Proceedings of the IV World Congress of Notational Analysis of Sport, University of Porto; 1998 Sep 22-25; Porto, 36 Brulé P, Carling C, David A, et al. AMISCO: the development of a computerised match analysis system to automatically track the movements of soccer players [abstract]. Proceedings of the IV World Congress of Notational Analysis of Sport, University of Porto; 1998 Sep 22-25; Porto, 36
38.
go back to reference Burgess DJ, Naughton G, Norton KI. Profile of movement demands of national football players in Australia. J Sci Med Sport 2006 Aug; 9 (4): 334–41PubMedCrossRef Burgess DJ, Naughton G, Norton KI. Profile of movement demands of national football players in Australia. J Sci Med Sport 2006 Aug; 9 (4): 334–41PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Ohashi J, Togari H, Isokawa, M, et al. measuring movement speeds and distances covered during soccer match-play. In: Reilly T, editor. Science and football. London: E & FN Spon, 1988: 329–33 Ohashi J, Togari H, Isokawa, M, et al. measuring movement speeds and distances covered during soccer match-play. In: Reilly T, editor. Science and football. London: E & FN Spon, 1988: 329–33
41.
go back to reference Ohta T, Togari H, Komiya Y. Game analysis of soccer. Tokyo: Japanese Football Association, 1969 Ohta T, Togari H, Komiya Y. Game analysis of soccer. Tokyo: Japanese Football Association, 1969
42.
go back to reference Liebermann DG, Katz L, Hughes MD, et al. Advances in the application of information technology to sport performance. J Sports Sci 2002 Oct; 20 (10): 755–69PubMedCrossRef Liebermann DG, Katz L, Hughes MD, et al. Advances in the application of information technology to sport performance. J Sports Sci 2002 Oct; 20 (10): 755–69PubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Di Salvo V, Baron R, Tschan H, et al. Performance characteristics according to playing position in elite soccer. Int J Sports Med 2007 Mar; 28 (3): 222–7PubMedCrossRef Di Salvo V, Baron R, Tschan H, et al. Performance characteristics according to playing position in elite soccer. Int J Sports Med 2007 Mar; 28 (3): 222–7PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Rampinini E, Bishop D, Marcora SM, et al. Validity of simple field tests as indicators of match-related physical performance in top-level professional soccer players. Int J Sports Med 2007 Mar, 35 Rampinini E, Bishop D, Marcora SM, et al. Validity of simple field tests as indicators of match-related physical performance in top-level professional soccer players. Int J Sports Med 2007 Mar, 35
45.
go back to reference Carling C. Getting the most out of football video and match analysis. Insight FA Coaches Assoc J 2001; 5 (3): 16–7 Carling C. Getting the most out of football video and match analysis. Insight FA Coaches Assoc J 2001; 5 (3): 16–7
46.
go back to reference Fernandes O, Caixinha P. A new method of time-motion analysis for soccer training and competition [abstract no. 505]. V World Congress of Science and Football; 2003 Apr 11-15;Lisbon Fernandes O, Caixinha P. A new method of time-motion analysis for soccer training and competition [abstract no. 505]. V World Congress of Science and Football; 2003 Apr 11-15;Lisbon
47.
go back to reference Larsson P. Global positioning system and sport-specific testing. Sports Med 2003; 33 (15): 1093–101PubMedCrossRef Larsson P. Global positioning system and sport-specific testing. Sports Med 2003; 33 (15): 1093–101PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Witte TH, Wilson AM. Accuracy of WAAS-enabled GPS for the determination of position and speed over ground. J Biomech 2005 Aug; 38 (8): 1717–22PubMedCrossRef Witte TH, Wilson AM. Accuracy of WAAS-enabled GPS for the determination of position and speed over ground. J Biomech 2005 Aug; 38 (8): 1717–22PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference O P. Sources of variability in time-motion data; measurement error and within player variability in work-rate. Int J Perf Anal Sport 2004 Dec; 4 (2): 42–9 O P. Sources of variability in time-motion data; measurement error and within player variability in work-rate. Int J Perf Anal Sport 2004 Dec; 4 (2): 42–9
51.
go back to reference Mallo J, Navarro E, García-Aranda J, et al. Activity profile of top-class association football referees in relation to performance in selected physical tests. J Sports Sci 2007 May; 25 (7): 805–13PubMedCrossRef Mallo J, Navarro E, García-Aranda J, et al. Activity profile of top-class association football referees in relation to performance in selected physical tests. J Sports Sci 2007 May; 25 (7): 805–13PubMedCrossRef
52.
go back to reference Roberts S, Trewartha G, et al. A comparison of time-motion analysis methods for field based sports. Int J Sports Phys Perf 2006; 1: 388–99 Roberts S, Trewartha G, et al. A comparison of time-motion analysis methods for field based sports. Int J Sports Phys Perf 2006; 1: 388–99
53.
go back to reference O’Donoghue PG, Cassidy D. The effect of specific intermittent training on the fitness of international netball players. J Sports Sci 2002; 20 (1): 56–7 O’Donoghue PG, Cassidy D. The effect of specific intermittent training on the fitness of international netball players. J Sports Sci 2002; 20 (1): 56–7
54.
go back to reference O’Donoghue PG. Analysis of the duration of periods of high intensity activity and low-intensity recovery performed during English FA Premier League soccer. J Sports Sci 2003; 21 (4): 285–6 O’Donoghue PG. Analysis of the duration of periods of high intensity activity and low-intensity recovery performed during English FA Premier League soccer. J Sports Sci 2003; 21 (4): 285–6
55.
go back to reference Bloomfield JG, Jonsson K, Polman RCJ, et al. Temporal pattern analysis and its applicability in soccer. In: Anolli L, Duncan S, Magnusson M, et al., editors. The hidden structure of social interaction: from genomics to cultural patterns. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2005: 237–51 Bloomfield JG, Jonsson K, Polman RCJ, et al. Temporal pattern analysis and its applicability in soccer. In: Anolli L, Duncan S, Magnusson M, et al., editors. The hidden structure of social interaction: from genomics to cultural patterns. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2005: 237–51
56.
go back to reference Borrie A, Jonsson GK, Magnusson MS, et al. Temporal pattern analysis and its applicability in sport: an explanation and exemplar data. J Sport Sci 2002; 20 (10): 845–52CrossRef Borrie A, Jonsson GK, Magnusson MS, et al. Temporal pattern analysis and its applicability in sport: an explanation and exemplar data. J Sport Sci 2002; 20 (10): 845–52CrossRef
57.
go back to reference Mohr M, Krustrup P, Bangsbo J. Fatigue in soccer: a brief review. J Sports Sci 2005; 23 (6): 593–9PubMedCrossRef Mohr M, Krustrup P, Bangsbo J. Fatigue in soccer: a brief review. J Sports Sci 2005; 23 (6): 593–9PubMedCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Thatcher R, Batterham AM. Development and validation of a sport-specific exercise protocol for elite youth soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2004; 44 (1): 15–22PubMed Thatcher R, Batterham AM. Development and validation of a sport-specific exercise protocol for elite youth soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2004; 44 (1): 15–22PubMed
59.
go back to reference Fernandes O, Caixinha P, Malta P. Techno-tactics and running distance analysis by camera [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 204 Fernandes O, Caixinha P, Malta P. Techno-tactics and running distance analysis by camera [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 204
60.
go back to reference Hewitt A, Withers R, Lyons K. Match analyses of Australian international women soccer players using an athlete tracking device [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 107 Hewitt A, Withers R, Lyons K. Match analyses of Australian international women soccer players using an athlete tracking device [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 107
61.
go back to reference Holmes L. A physiological analysis of work-rate in English female football players. Insight FA Coaches Assoc J 2002; 5 (2): 55–9 Holmes L. A physiological analysis of work-rate in English female football players. Insight FA Coaches Assoc J 2002; 5 (2): 55–9
62.
go back to reference Scott D, Drust B. Work-rate analysis of elite female soccer players during match-play [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 107 Scott D, Drust B. Work-rate analysis of elite female soccer players during match-play [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 107
63.
go back to reference Di Salvo V, Baron R, Cardinale M. Time motion analysis of elite footballers in European cup competitions [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 14 Di Salvo V, Baron R, Cardinale M. Time motion analysis of elite footballers in European cup competitions [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 14
64.
go back to reference Randers MB, Rostgaard T, Krustrup P. Physical match performance and yo-yo IR2 test results of successful and unsuccessful football teams in the Danish premier league [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 16 Randers MB, Rostgaard T, Krustrup P. Physical match performance and yo-yo IR2 test results of successful and unsuccessful football teams in the Danish premier league [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 16
65.
go back to reference Rienzi E, Drust B, Reilly T, et al. Investigation of anthropometric and work-rate profiles of elite South American international soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2000; 40 (2): 162–9PubMed Rienzi E, Drust B, Reilly T, et al. Investigation of anthropometric and work-rate profiles of elite South American international soccer players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2000; 40 (2): 162–9PubMed
66.
go back to reference Helgerud J, Engen LC, Wisløff U, et al. Aerobic training improves soccer performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001 Nov; 33 (11): 1925–31PubMedCrossRef Helgerud J, Engen LC, Wisløff U, et al. Aerobic training improves soccer performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001 Nov; 33 (11): 1925–31PubMedCrossRef
67.
go back to reference Rahnama N, Reilly T, Lees A. Injury risk associated with playing actions during competitive soccer. Br J Sports Med 2002 Oct; 36 (5): 354–9PubMedCrossRef Rahnama N, Reilly T, Lees A. Injury risk associated with playing actions during competitive soccer. Br J Sports Med 2002 Oct; 36 (5): 354–9PubMedCrossRef
68.
go back to reference Zubillaga A, Gorospe G, Mendo AH, et al. Match analysis of 2005-06 Champions League final with Amisco system [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 20 Zubillaga A, Gorospe G, Mendo AH, et al. Match analysis of 2005-06 Champions League final with Amisco system [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 20
69.
go back to reference Odetoyinbo K, Wooster B, Lane A. The effect of a succession of matches on the activity profiles of professional soccer players [abstract no. O-021]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 16 Odetoyinbo K, Wooster B, Lane A. The effect of a succession of matches on the activity profiles of professional soccer players [abstract no. O-021]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 16
70.
go back to reference Barbero-Alvarez JC, Soto VM, Barbero-Alvarez V, et al. Match analysis and heart rate of futsal players during competition. J Sports Sci 2008 Jan; 26 (1): 63–73PubMedCrossRef Barbero-Alvarez JC, Soto VM, Barbero-Alvarez V, et al. Match analysis and heart rate of futsal players during competition. J Sports Sci 2008 Jan; 26 (1): 63–73PubMedCrossRef
71.
go back to reference Kirkendall DT. Issues in training the female player. Br J Sports Med 2007 Aug; 41 Suppl. 1: 64–7CrossRef Kirkendall DT. Issues in training the female player. Br J Sports Med 2007 Aug; 41 Suppl. 1: 64–7CrossRef
72.
go back to reference Duthie GM, Pyne DB, Marsh DJ, et al. Sprint patterns in rugby union players during competition. J Strength Cond Res 2006 Duthie GM, Pyne DB, Marsh DJ, et al. Sprint patterns in rugby union players during competition. J Strength Cond Res 2006
73.
go back to reference Rupf R, Thomas S, Wells G. Quantifying energy expenditure of dribbling a soccer ball in a field test [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 132 Rupf R, Thomas S, Wells G. Quantifying energy expenditure of dribbling a soccer ball in a field test [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 132
74.
go back to reference Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’Donoghue PG. Deceleration movements performed during FA Premier League soccer matches [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 6 Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’Donoghue PG. Deceleration movements performed during FA Premier League soccer matches [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 6
75.
go back to reference Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’Donoghue PG. Turning movements performed during FA Premier League soccer matches [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 9 Bloomfield J, Polman RCJ, O’Donoghue PG. Turning movements performed during FA Premier League soccer matches [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 9
76.
go back to reference Pereira Da Silva N, Kirkendall DT, Leite De Barros Neto T. Movement patterns in elite Brazilian youth soccer. J Sports Med Phys Fit 2007; 47 (3): 270–5 Pereira Da Silva N, Kirkendall DT, Leite De Barros Neto T. Movement patterns in elite Brazilian youth soccer. J Sports Med Phys Fit 2007; 47 (3): 270–5
77.
go back to reference Bangsbo J, Mohr M, Krustrup P. Physical and metabolic demands of training and match-play in the elite football player. J Sports Sci 2006 Jul; 24 (7): 665–74PubMedCrossRef Bangsbo J, Mohr M, Krustrup P. Physical and metabolic demands of training and match-play in the elite football player. J Sports Sci 2006 Jul; 24 (7): 665–74PubMedCrossRef
78.
go back to reference Zubillaga A, Gorospel G, Mendo AH, et al.Analysis of high intensity activity in soccer highest level competition [abstract no. O-013]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 10 Zubillaga A, Gorospel G, Mendo AH, et al.Analysis of high intensity activity in soccer highest level competition [abstract no. O-013]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 10
79.
go back to reference Williams A, Williams AM, Horn R. Physical and technical demands of different playing positions. Insight FA Coaches Assoc J 2003; 2 (1): 24–8 Williams A, Williams AM, Horn R. Physical and technical demands of different playing positions. Insight FA Coaches Assoc J 2003; 2 (1): 24–8
80.
go back to reference Rampinini E, Impellizzeri FM, Castagna C, et al. Technical performance during soccer matches of the Italian Serie A league: effect of fatigue and competitive level. J Sci Med Sport. In press Rampinini E, Impellizzeri FM, Castagna C, et al. Technical performance during soccer matches of the Italian Serie A league: effect of fatigue and competitive level. J Sci Med Sport. In press
81.
go back to reference Álvarez JCB, Castagna C. Activity patterns in professional futsal players using global position tracking system [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 208 Álvarez JCB, Castagna C. Activity patterns in professional futsal players using global position tracking system [abstract]. J Sports Sci Med 2007; 6 Suppl. 10: 208
82.
go back to reference Carling C. Football: a game of chance or does match analysis have the answers? Insight FA Coaches Assoc 2002; 5 (3): 16–7 Carling C. Football: a game of chance or does match analysis have the answers? Insight FA Coaches Assoc 2002; 5 (3): 16–7
83.
go back to reference Krustrup P, Mohr M, Steensberg A, et al. Muscle and blood metabolites during a soccer game: implications for sprint performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006; Jun; 38 (6): 1165–74PubMedCrossRef Krustrup P, Mohr M, Steensberg A, et al. Muscle and blood metabolites during a soccer game: implications for sprint performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006; Jun; 38 (6): 1165–74PubMedCrossRef
84.
go back to reference Rampinini E, Coutts AJ, Castagna C, et al. Variation in top level soccer match performance. Int J Sports Med 2007; Dec; 28 (12): 1018–24PubMedCrossRef Rampinini E, Coutts AJ, Castagna C, et al. Variation in top level soccer match performance. Int J Sports Med 2007; Dec; 28 (12): 1018–24PubMedCrossRef
85.
go back to reference O’Donoghue PG, Tenga A. The effect of score-line on work rate in elite soccer. J Sports Sci 2001; 19 (2): 25–6 O’Donoghue PG, Tenga A. The effect of score-line on work rate in elite soccer. J Sports Sci 2001; 19 (2): 25–6
86.
go back to reference Bloomfield JR, Polman RCJ, O’Donoghue PG. Effects of scoreline on work-rate in midfield and forward players in FA Premier League soccer. J Sports Sci 2004; 23 (2): 191–2 Bloomfield JR, Polman RCJ, O’Donoghue PG. Effects of scoreline on work-rate in midfield and forward players in FA Premier League soccer. J Sports Sci 2004; 23 (2): 191–2
87.
go back to reference Mohr M, Krustrup P, Nybo L, et al. Muscle temperature and sprint performance during soccer matches: beneficial effects of re-warm-up at half time. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2004 Jun; 15 (3): 136–43 Mohr M, Krustrup P, Nybo L, et al. Muscle temperature and sprint performance during soccer matches: beneficial effects of re-warm-up at half time. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2004 Jun; 15 (3): 136–43
88.
go back to reference Reilly T. Motion analysis and physiological demands. In: Reilly T, Williams AM, editors. Science and soccer. London: Routledge, 2003: 59–72 Reilly T. Motion analysis and physiological demands. In: Reilly T, Williams AM, editors. Science and soccer. London: Routledge, 2003: 59–72
89.
go back to reference Sari-Sarraf V, Reilly T, Doran DA. Salivary IgA responses to intermittent and continuous exercise. Int J Sports Med 2006; 27: 849–55PubMedCrossRef Sari-Sarraf V, Reilly T, Doran DA. Salivary IgA responses to intermittent and continuous exercise. Int J Sports Med 2006; 27: 849–55PubMedCrossRef
90.
go back to reference Clarke ND, Drust B, MacLaren DPM, et al. Strategies for hydration and energy provision during soccer-specific exercise. Int J Sports Nutr Exerc Metab 2005; 15: 625–4 Clarke ND, Drust B, MacLaren DPM, et al. Strategies for hydration and energy provision during soccer-specific exercise. Int J Sports Nutr Exerc Metab 2005; 15: 625–4
91.
go back to reference Drust B, Cable NT, Reilly T. Investigation of the effects of precooling on the physiological responses to soccer-specific intermittent exercise. Eur J App Phys 2000; 81: 11–7CrossRef Drust B, Cable NT, Reilly T. Investigation of the effects of precooling on the physiological responses to soccer-specific intermittent exercise. Eur J App Phys 2000; 81: 11–7CrossRef
92.
go back to reference Rahnama N, Reilly T, Lees A, et al. Muscle fatigue induced by exercise simulating the work rate of competitive soccer. J Sports Sci 2003; 21: 933–42PubMedCrossRef Rahnama N, Reilly T, Lees A, et al. Muscle fatigue induced by exercise simulating the work rate of competitive soccer. J Sports Sci 2003; 21: 933–42PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
The Role of Motion Analysis in Elite Soccer
Contemporary Performance Measurement Techniques and Work Rate Data
Authors
Christopher Carling
Jonathan Bloomfield
Lee Nelsen
Thomas Reilly
Publication date
01-10-2008
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Sports Medicine / Issue 10/2008
Print ISSN: 0112-1642
Electronic ISSN: 1179-2035
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838100-00004

Other articles of this Issue 10/2008

Sports Medicine 10/2008 Go to the issue

Correspondence

The Author’s Reply