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American Journal of Clinical Dermatology

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01-02-2010 | Leading Article

The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Host Defenses and Their Relevance to Dermatologic Diseases

Authors: Dorothea Terhorst, Behnam Naderi Kalali, Markus Ollert, Johannes Ring, Prof. Dr Martin Mempel

Published in: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology | Issue 1/2010

Abstract

The family of toll-like receptors (TLRs) plays a central role in the cutaneous immune defense system. To date, different TLRs have been found on several major cell populations of the skin, such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, antigen-presenting cells, and melanocytes.

Activation of TLRs leads, via different intracellular signaling pathways, to the production of pro-inflammatory stimuli, and is considered a danger signal that should transform the skin in to the functional state of defense. However, TLRs have also been implicated in tissue homeostasis and renewal.

Within the group of TLRs, two types have been identified: surface-expressed TLRs, which are predominantly active against bacterial cell wall compounds; and intracellular receptors, which preferentially recognize virus-associated pattern molecules. In addition, surface-expressed receptors trigger phagocytotic and maturation signals, while the intracellular TLRs lead to the induction of antiviral genes.

Our review aims to outline the importance of TLRs in the pathogenesis of numerous skin diseases and the potential of TLR agonists as a treatment option for various skin diseases.

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Title: The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Host Defenses and Their Relevance to Dermatologic Diseases
Authors: Dorothea Terhorst
Behnam Naderi Kalali
Markus Ollert
Johannes Ring
Prof. Dr Martin Mempel
Publication date: 01-02-2010
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology / Issue 1/2010
Print ISSN: 1175-0561
Electronic ISSN: 1179-1888
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/11311110-000000000-00000

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The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Host Defenses and Their Relevance to Dermatologic Diseases

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