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Sports Medicine
Published in: Sports Medicine 6/2009

01-06-2009 | Review Article

The Antidepressive Effects of Exercise

A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Authors: Dr Chad D. Rethorst, Bradley M. Wipfli, Daniel M. Landers

Published in: Sports Medicine | Issue 6/2009

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Abstract

Several meta-analyses examining the effects of exercise on depression have been criticized for including studies of poor methodological integrity. More recent meta-analyses addressed the most common criticism by including only randomized control trials; however, these analyses suffer from incomplete literature searches and lack of moderating variable analyses. Using a more extensive search procedure, the current meta-analysis examines the effects of exercise on depressive symptoms in 58 randomized trials (n = 2982). An overall effect size of −0.80 indicates participants in the exercise treatment had significantly lower depression scores than those receiving the control treatment. This 3/4 SD advantage represents level 1, Grade A evidence for the effects of exercise upon depression. Analysis of moderating variables examined the influence of population characteristics, exercise characteristics and methodological characteristics. Examination of clinical significance in 16 trials with clinically depressed patients found 9 of 16 exercise treatment groups were classified as ‘recovered’ at post-treatment, with another three groups classified as ‘improved’. Analysis showed dropout rates for the exercise treatment were similar to those found in psychotherapeutic and drug interventions.
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Metadata
Title
The Antidepressive Effects of Exercise
A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors
Dr Chad D. Rethorst
Bradley M. Wipfli
Daniel M. Landers
Publication date
01-06-2009
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Sports Medicine / Issue 6/2009
Print ISSN: 0112-1642
Electronic ISSN: 1179-2035
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200939060-00004