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Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

Pediatric precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia: are T helper cells the missing link in the infectious etiology theory?

Authors: Simone Bürgler, David Nadal

Published in: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

Precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), the most common childhood malignancy, arises from an expansion of malignant B cell precursors in the bone marrow. Epidemiological studies suggest that infections or immune responses to infections may promote such an expansion and thus BCP-ALL development. Nevertheless, a specific pathogen responsible for this process has not been identified. BCP-ALL cells critically depend on interactions with the bone marrow microenvironment. The bone marrow is also home to memory T helper (Th) cells that have previously expanded during an immune response in the periphery. In secondary lymphoid organs, Th cells can interact with malignant cells of mature B cell origin, while such interactions between Th cells and malignant immature B cell in the bone marrow have not been described yet. Nevertheless, literature supports a model where Th cells—expanded during an infection in early childhood—migrate to the bone marrow and support BCP-ALL cells as they support normal B cells. Further research is required to mechanistically confirm this model and to elucidate the interaction pathways between leukemia cells and cells of the tumor microenvironment. As benefit, targeting these interactions could be included in current treatment regimens to increase therapeutic efficiency and to reduce relapses.

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Title: Pediatric precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia: are T helper cells the missing link in the infectious etiology theory?
Authors: Simone Bürgler
David Nadal
Publication date: 01-12-2017
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2194-7791
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40348-017-0072-z

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Pediatric precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia: are T helper cells the missing link in the infectious etiology theory?

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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